Dynamics of the Upper and Lower Airway Respiratory Microbiomes Associated With Severe Infant Asthma

Dynamique Des Microbiomes Respiratoires Des Voies supérieures et inférieures associée à l'Asthme sévère Des Nourrissons

Nature of potential dysbiosis, interrelation of the different microbiomes of the respiratory tract, and potential role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of severe asthma in infants, and its evolution under treatment.

Exploring and understanding these data is to improve patient care and discover new therapeutic targets.

The aim is to open up prospects for therapeutic studies, such as the use of azithromycin as an immunomodulator in infant asthma, the results of which are discordant.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Infants less than 24 months old
• Follow-up by a pneumo-pediatrician for severe asthma in infants
• Requiring etiological investigations and assessment of severity in day hospitalization, including bronchial fibroscopy (HAS 2009)
• Parent informed of the research and having signed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Prematurity <32 WA
• Congenital heart disease with significant left to right shunt
• Chronic respiratory disease other than infant asthma (cystic fibrosis, bronchiolitis obliterans)
• Antibiotic therapy in progress or administered the seven days preceding the date of inclusion (day hospitalization)
• Refusal of bronchial fibroscopy