This study aims to compare the effect of total Intravenous anesthesia Target-controlled infusion (TIVA-TCI) with inhalational anesthesia on stress response.

Target-controlled infusion (TCI) techniques have been used to induce and maintain general anesthesia or to provide computer-assisted personalized sedation. Target-controlled infusion (TCI) systems are computer-assisted IV infusion pumps that use pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic mathematical modeling to maintain a user-designated target concentration at an effect site (typically the brain).

The clinician enters a desired target concentration for an anesthetic or another agent. The computer calculates the amount of the agent required to achieve the target concentration at the effect site and directs an infusion pump to deliver the calculated boluses or infusions. Therefore, TIVA-TCI allows a more stable hemodynamic profile during surgery, prevents long-acting opioid-induced accumulation and allows rapid recovery from general anesthesia.

Total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) regimen with Propofol is a useful anaesthetic technique, effectively controlling responses to tracheal intubation and intense surgical stimulation, while avoiding Inhalational anaesthetics and allowing rapid emergence from anaesthesia .

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients subjected to lower abdominal cancer surgery.
2. Patients of both sexes
3. body mass index < 35 kg/m2.
4. Age from 18 to 60 years.
5. ASA, I-II.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with a history of severe cardiovascular or respiratory disease.
2. Severe hepatic, renal, or neurological diseases.

The data will be available upon a reasonable request from the corresponding author after the end of study for one year.

for one year after the end of study

The data will be available upon a reasonable request from the corresponding author