Comparison Between IV Propofol and Propofol/ Fentanyl Anesthesia on Patients Stress Response

Comparison Between IV Propofol and Propofol/ Fentanyl Anesthesia on Patients Surgical Stress Response Using BIS

It is hypothesized that propofol, when used in general anesthesia (GA) influence patient's stress status and consequently affect stress response parameters. Hence, the objective of the presented research is to assess whether the propofol has anti-stress effect or not in patients undergoing surgeries that require GA and classified as The American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status 1 (ASA PS1)

• Forty patients will be divided into two groups of patients (n=20 each), where in the first group anesthesia induction will be with propofol as a single agent, while patients in the second group will be anesthetized by propofol/fentanyl and the depth of anesthesia will be determined by BIS score and will be kept at 40-60.
• In both groups, blood will be withdrawn to assess the possible effect of these medications on stress by measuring the following parameters:

I- Hemodynamic indicators II- Catecholamines . III- Fasting blood glucose IV- Insulin level V- Cortisol VI- Vasopressin

VII- Cytokines:

Inclusion Criteria:

ASA1

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients who refused to participate in the study or to sign the consent form
• The very young and very old patients
• Severely agitated (panicked).
• ASA1 patients who had bradycardia during propofol induction and was reversed with atropine.
• Patients with any of the following pathologies: liver, kidney, lung, or cardiac diseases, allergic to medicines, alcohol abuse, pregnant, or having endocrine or neuropsychiatric diseases. Moreover, those with sepsis syndrome with hemodynamic instability, hypothermia, and poorly controlled coagulopathy will not be enrolled in this study.