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Down syndrome also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21. It is usually associated with physical growth delays, mild to moderate intellectual disability, and characteristic facial features. There is no cure for Down syndrome. Education and proper care have been shown to improve quality of life. Some children with Down syndrome are educated in typical school classes, while others require more specialized education. Those with Down syndrome nearly always have physical and intellectual disabilities. They also typically have poor immune function and generally reach developmental milestones at a later age. They have an increased risk of a number of other health problems, including congenital heart defect, epilepsy, leukemia, thyroid diseases, and mental disorders. This study will determine effects of weight bearing exercises with and without Jaffery's core stability exercise training on dynamic balance and trunk muscles strength in children with Down syndrome. Randomized controlled study will be conducted in which data will be collected from children with down syndrome with calculated sample size of 18 which will randomly assigned into group A and group B. Group A would receive weight bearing exercises (I.e.
standing on preferred foot, standing with close eyes, walking forward on a line using normal stride and heel to toe gait, stepping over response speed stick on balance beam ).Group B would receive weight bearing exercises along with the jaffrey's core stability exercises (I.e.
contracting muscles, sitting on Swiss ball, Bridging, Squatting side lying bridge etc.).Frequency will be 5 sessions per week, of 1 hour and duration is of 5 months. Balance and trunk muscle strength will be pre assessed using pediatric balance scale and trunk control measurement scale respectively. The improvement will be measured with same tools. Data will be analyzed through SPSS 25.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Weight bearing exercises | Experimental | weight bearing exercises (I.e standing on preferred foot, standing with close eyes, walking forward on a line using normal stride and heel to toe gait, stepping over response speed stick on balance beam). |
|
| Jaffrey's core stability exercises | Experimental | Jaffrey's core stability exercises (I.e contracting muscles, sitting on Swiss ball, Bridging, Squatting side lying bridge etc). |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weight bearing exercises | Other | Weight bearing exercises |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pediatric baalnce scale | Pediatric balance scale (PBS), is defined as the ability of a child to attain and maintain upright control. The Pediatric Balance Scale is a modified version of the Berg Balance Scale that is used to assess functional balance skills in school-aged children. The scale consists of 14 items that are scored from 0 points (lowest function) to 4 points (highest function) with a maximum score of 56 points. | 4 weeks |
| Trunk Control Measurement Scale | Trunk Control Measurement Scale is a clinical tool to measure trunk control in children | 4 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imran Amjad, phd | Contact | 03324390125 | imran.amjad@riphah.edu.pk | |
| Sara Khan | Contact | 03361057332 | Sara.khan@riphah.edu.pk |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Sara Khan, MS | Riphah International University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Riphah international university | Lahore | Punjab Province | Pakistan |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004314 | Down Syndrome |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008607 | Intellectual Disability |
| D019954 | Neurobehavioral Manifestations |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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| Jaffrey's core stability exercises |
| Other |
Jaffrey's core stability exercises |
|
| D000015 | Abnormalities, Multiple |
| D000013 | Congenital Abnormalities |
| D009358 | Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities |
| D025063 | Chromosome Disorders |
| D030342 | Genetic Diseases, Inborn |