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Children with Down syndrome often present with problems of posture & balance and mobility. Balance training is an important component of physical activity interventions, with growing evidence that it can be beneficial for children with DS.
Objective: To determine the effect core stability exercises and balance training in postural control among Down syndrome.
This study was a randomized clinical trail. Children with Down Syndrome were determined on inclusion & exclusion criteria. Children with Down syndrome were arbitrarily allocated into two groups with ages ranged from 5 to 17 years. The sample size was 20 patients. They were assigned randomly into two groups. Group 1 received balance training and Group 2 received core stability exercises. The duration of treatment was 6 weeks. Data is collected from Comprehensive Rehabilitation center Chakwal Postural stability was evaluated pre and post treatment by pediatric berg balance scale. Values which were obtained after this intervention were analyzed for any change using SPSS
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Balance training | Experimental | Balance training
6-Heel and toe raises, alternate rising ofthe right and left feet above the floor, and tandem standing. 7-Weight shifting forward. backward, sideward, and diagonally with eyes opened and eyes closed |
|
| Core stability exercise | Active Comparator | Core stability exercises:
7-Quadra pod arm lifts with bracings while Quadra pod position. 8-Quadra pod alternate arm and leg lifts with bracing while Quadra pod position. 9-Side plank with knee flexion while side lying. 10-Side plank with knee extension while side lying. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BALANCE TRAINING | Other | Trunk, head, and upper limbs rotation from kneeling. 2- Upper limbs flexion and extension with simultaneous head movement from kneeling. 3-Pelvic bridging followed by raising one lower limb and extending knee. 4-Lifting opposite upper and lower limbs from Quadruped position. 6-Heel and toe raises, alternate rising of he right and left feet above the floor, and tandem standing. 7-Weight shifting forward. backward, sideward, and diagonally with eyes opened and eyes closed |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pediatric Berg balance scale | The Pediatric Balance Scale is a modified version of the Berg Balance Scale that is used to assess functional balance skills in CP children . The scale consists of 14 items that are scored from 0 points (lowest function) to 4 points (highest function) with a maximum score of 56 points. | 2 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Binash Afzal, PHD* | Riphah international university lahore campus | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Binash afzal | Lahore | Punjab Province | 54000 | Pakistan |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31301057 | Background | Alsakhawi RS, Elshafey MA. Effect of Core Stability Exercises and Treadmill Training on Balance in Children with Down Syndrome: Randomized Controlled Trial. Adv Ther. 2019 Sep;36(9):2364-2373. doi: 10.1007/s12325-019-01024-2. Epub 2019 Jul 12. | |
| 28146007 | Background | Eid MA, Aly SM, Huneif MA, Ismail DK. Effect of isokinetic training on muscle strength and postural balance in children with Down's syndrome. Int J Rehabil Res. 2017 Jun;40(2):127-133. doi: 10.1097/MRR.0000000000000218. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004314 | Down Syndrome |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008607 | Intellectual Disability |
| D019954 | Neurobehavioral Manifestations |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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|
| CORE STABILITY EXERCISES | Other |
7-Quadra pod arm lifts with bracings while Quadra pod position. 8-Quadra pod alternate arm and leg lifts with bracing while Quadra pod position. 9-Side plank with knee flexion while side lying. 10-Side plank with knee extension while side lying |
|
| 32273655 | Background | Zago M, Duarte NAC, Grecco LAC, Condoluci C, Oliveira CS, Galli M. Gait and postural control patterns and rehabilitation in Down syndrome: a systematic review. J Phys Ther Sci. 2020 Apr;32(4):303-314. doi: 10.1589/jpts.32.303. Epub 2020 Apr 2. |
| 27123540 | Background | Sugimoto D, Bowen SL, Meehan WP 3rd, Stracciolini A. Effects of Neuromuscular Training on Children and Young Adults with Down Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Res Dev Disabil. 2016 Aug;55:197-206. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2016.04.003. Epub 2016 Apr 25. |
| 31193229 | Background | Motealleh A, Mohamadi M, Moghadam MB, Nejati N, Arjang N, Ebrahimi N. Effects of Core Neuromuscular Training on Pain, Balance, and Functional Performance in Women With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Clinical Trial. J Chiropr Med. 2019 Mar;18(1):9-18. doi: 10.1016/j.jcm.2018.07.006. Epub 2019 Feb 10. |
| 31089706 | Background | Maiano C, Hue O, Lepage G, Morin AJS, Tracey D, Moullec G. Do Exercise Interventions Improve Balance for Children and Adolescents With Down Syndrome? A Systematic Review. Phys Ther. 2019 May 1;99(5):507-518. doi: 10.1093/ptj/pzz012. |
| 29205624 | Background | Capio CM, Mak TCT, Tse MA, Masters RSW. Fundamental movement skills and balance of children with Down syndrome. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2018 Mar;62(3):225-236. doi: 10.1111/jir.12458. Epub 2017 Dec 5. |
| 28585394 | Background | Silva V, Campos C, Sa A, Cavadas M, Pinto J, Simoes P, Machado S, Murillo-Rodriguez E, Barbosa-Rocha N. Wii-based exercise program to improve physical fitness, motor proficiency and functional mobility in adults with Down syndrome. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2017 Aug;61(8):755-765. doi: 10.1111/jir.12384. Epub 2017 Jun 6. |
| 30687997 | Background | Pena GM, Pavao SL, Oliveira MFP, Godoi D, de Campos AC, Rocha NACF. Dual-task effects on postural sway during sit-to-stand movement in children with Down syndrome. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2019 Jun;63(6):576-586. doi: 10.1111/jir.12599. Epub 2019 Jan 28. |
| 29330572 | Background | Saquetto MB, Pereira FF, Queiroz RS, da Silva CM, Conceicao CS, Gomes Neto M. Effects of whole-body vibration on muscle strength, bone mineral content and density, and balance and body composition of children and adolescents with Down syndrome: a systematic review. Osteoporos Int. 2018 Mar;29(3):527-533. doi: 10.1007/s00198-017-4360-1. Epub 2018 Jan 12. |
| D000015 | Abnormalities, Multiple |
| D000013 | Congenital Abnormalities |
| D009358 | Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities |
| D025063 | Chromosome Disorders |
| D030342 | Genetic Diseases, Inborn |