Effect of Core Stability Exercises and Treadmill Training on Balance in Children With Down Syndrome

Randomized Controlled Trial

Introduction: Core stability exercises and treadmill training play a crucial role in physical therapy interventions and have an effect on balance in children with Down syndromes (DS), whether core stability exercises or treadmill training has more effect on improve balance has not been investigated yet. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of core stability training versus treadmill exercises on balance in children with Down syndrome. Methods: Forty-five children with Down syndrome included in the study. The children aged 4-6 years, and they were equally divided randomly into three groups (A), (B) and (C). Group A received traditional physical therapy intervention strategies to facilitate the balance of participated children. Group (B) received same as the group (A), with additional core stability exercises training. Group (C) received same intervention strategies as group (A) in conjunction with a treadmill exercise program. The children's balance was evaluated using the Berg Balance Scale and the Biodex Balance System. Treatment sessions were for 60 min, thrice a week, for eight consecutive weeks.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Able to recognize commands given to them,
• Able to understand our verbal command and encouragement, and
• Able to stand and walk independently without repeated falling

Exclusion Criteria:

• Any neurological or musculoskeletal disorders (signs of epilepsy and instability of atlantoaxial joint),
• Any mobility disorders
• Any cardiac anomalies
• Any vision or hearing loss