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Athletic training and sports participation is to enhance athletic performance. Performance is however multifactorial i.e., depending upon several parameters including warm-up practice, training regimes and other interventions. Stretching techniques that focus on increasing posterior shoulder soft tissue flexibility are commonly incorporated into prevention and treatment programs for the overhead athletes. GIRD is usually managed by stretching and soft tissue release of posterior shoulder capsule. Fascial manipulation is a manual therapy technique used in the management of musculoskeletal disorders. This study aims to evaluate the comparative effects of cross fiber fascial manipulation with stretching techniques in overhead throwing athletes
This was a randomized clinical trial that was conducted at Pakistan sports board and Coaching center, Lahore. Non probability convenient sampling technique was used to collect the data as per inclusion criteria. 40 Participants of this study were randomly allocated into 2 Groups. 20 participants in each group. The group A received three sessions of fascial manipulation for two weeks. Group B received three sessions of sleeper stretch in a side lying position in 90o abduction, elbow at 90o flexion and then performed shoulder IR and cross-body adduction stretch in sitting position. Three sets of the each stretch positions were held for 30 seconds with a 1 minute break between sets. A universal goniometer was used to measure internal rotation, external rotation, horizontal abduction, ROWE score to assess function, pain, stability and motion, Numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) was used to assess pain. The data was analyzed via SPSS version 22.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| cross fiber fascial manipulation | Experimental | The group A received three sessions of fascial manipulation in two weeks. FM applied to densified Centre of Coordination (CC) points located on the myofascial sequences for 5 to 8 minutes at each CC point |
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| stretching techniques | Experimental | Group B received three sessions of sleeper and cross body adduction stretches. Group B received three sessions of sleeper stretch in a side lying position in 90o abduction, elbow at 90o flexion and then performing shoulder IR and cross-body adduction stretch was done in sitting position. Three sets of the each stretch position were held for 30 seconds with a 1 minute break between sets |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cross fiber fascial manipulation | Other | The group A received three sessions of fascial manipulation in two weeks. FM applied for 5 to 8 minutes at each point. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Goniometer | A universal goniometer was used to assess internal rotation, external rotation and horizontal adduction | 2 weeks |
| numeric pain rating scale | NPRS for pain assessment in overhead athletes reporting pain with GIRD, it is a subjective measure in which individual rate their pain on an 11-point numerical scale. The scale is composed of 0 (no pain at all) to 10( worst pain | 2 weeks |
| ROWE score composite | ROWE score for shoulder functional assessment(50), stability(30), pain(10) and motion(10). Total score is 100 thus 90-100=excellent ,70-89=good , 40-69=fair , less than 40 points=poor | 2 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Active male and female athletes were included.
Exclusion Criteria :
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aqsa Nawaz, MS | Contact | 03083907800 | aqsanawaz809@gmail.com |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| aqsa nawaz, MS SPORTS pt | Riphah International University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pakistan Sports Board | Recruiting | Lahore | Punjab Province | 5433 | Pakistan |
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| stretching techniques(sleeper stretch and cross body adduction stretch) | Other | Group B received three sessions of sleeper and cross body adduction stretches. Group B received three sessions of sleeper stretch in a side lying position in 90o abduction, elbow at 90o flexion and then performing shoulder IR and cross-body adduction stretch was done in sitting position. Three sets of the each stretch position were held for 30 seconds with a 1 minute break between sets. |
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