The experimental group in Wave 1 will complete the baseline questionnaires (the socio-demographic, FTND, and COM-B questionnaires) followed by both the if-then list and the if-then link from the Volitional-Help Sheet as manipulations. The if-then list consists of several situations and solutions linked to smoking uptake in the volitional help sheet and the group will be informed that the activity will help to stop smoking. In addition, the if-then link consists of the situations in which people are urged to smoke and then link them to solutions that are most likely to help them abstain from starting smoking

The control group participants will complete the baseline questionnaires (the socio-demographic questionnaire, the FTND, and the COM-B Questionnaire) without further intervention

This group will complete the one-month follow-up questionnaires (the socio-demographic questionnaire, the FTND, and the COM-B Questionnaire) without further intervention

This group will receive the (delayed) Volitional Help Sheets intervention after completing the one-month follow-up questionnaires (the socio-demographic questionnaire, the FTND, and the COM-B Questionnaire).

The volitional help sheet is an intervention which provides an opportunity for people to actively plan their behavioural changes by using a list of situations and solutions. The list of situations are critical situations which provoke unwanted behaviour, and the solutions are the responses to overcome the situations which urge the unexpected behaviour. In the context of smoking behaviour, the list of situations is the situations that will provoke cigarette uptake and the list of solutions is the appropriate responses to reduce or stop the urge to smoke.

Participants will complete a self-report questionnaire to assess their cigarette uptake by ticking one of the following options: (a) I have never smoked (b) I have only tried smoking once (c) I used to smoke sometimes, but I never smoke cigarettes now (d) I sometimes smoke cigarettes now, but I do not smoke as many as one a week (e) I usually smoke between one and six cigarettes a week (f) I usually smoke more than six cigarettes a week. The code for the response of options "a-d" is 0, and "e-f" is 1.

The Fagerstrom nicotine dependence scale will assess nicotine dependence. The scoring method in FTND is 0 to 1 for yes/no items and a score of 0 to 3 for the multiple-choice items. The items are summed to yield a total score of 0-10. The higher the total FTND score, the more intense the smoker's physical dependence on nicotine.