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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| University of Toronto | OTHER |
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Milk proteins possess multiple biological activities including their effect on blood glucose control, satiety and energy intake. The design of functional food products with added milk protein fractions has many challenges related to their inferior sensory properties. Chocolate milk presents the universal vehicle for added milk protein fractions that might partially mask their sensory characteristics. However, commercially produced chocolate milk has a significant amount of added sugar. This project will investigate the properties of a value-added dairy product (chocolate milk with reduced sugar content) enriched with individual milk protein fractions on characteristics of blood glucose control, satiety and energy intake in young healthy adults.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chocolate milk | Experimental | Chocolate milk with reduced added sugar |
|
| Chocolate milk with whey protein | Experimental | Chocolate milk with reduced added sugar and added whey protein |
|
| Chocolate milk with casein | Experimental | Chocolate milk with reduced added sugar and added casein |
|
| Chocolate milk with alpha-lactalbumin | Experimental | Chocolate milk with reduced added sugar and added alpha-lactalbumin |
|
| Chocolate milk with glycomacropeptide | Experimental | Chocolate milk with reduced added sugar and added glycomacropeptide |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food | Other | Dairy products with reduced sugar content |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Blood glucose | The concentration of blood glucose | 0-120 minutes |
| Insulin | The concentration of insulin | 0-120 minutes |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| C-peptide | The concentration of C-peptide | 0-120 minutes |
| Incretins, glucagon and amino acids | The concentration of incretins and glucagon |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Bohdan Luhovyy, PhD | Mount Saint Vincent University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mount Saint Vincent University | Halifax | Nova Scotia | B3M 2J6 | Canada |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D050177 | Overweight |
| D009765 | Obesity |
| D003920 | Diabetes Mellitus |
| D007333 | Insulin Resistance |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D001835 | Body Weight |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005502 | Food |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
| D019602 | Food and Beverages |
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Treatments are blinded.
| 0-120 minutes |
| Satiety | The components of average subjective appetite including desire to eat, hunger, fullness, and a prospective food consumption measured with 100mm visual analogue scales. | 0-120 minutes |
| Food Intake | Energy intake with an ad libitum meat at 120 minutes | 0 min, 120 minutes |
| Thirst | The subjective perception of thirst measured with 100mm visual analogue scales containing the question "How thirsty do you feel?" and two statements on each pole of 100mm line: "Not thirsty at all" (0mm) and "As thirsty as I have ever felt" (100mm). | 0-120 minutes |
| Physical comfort | The subjective feeling of wellness and gastrointestinal discomfort parameters including the feeling of nausea, stomach cramps, flatulency, diarrhea and a subjective feeling of wellness, each measured with 100mm visual analogue scales. | 0-120 minutes |
| Food pleasantness | The perception of pleasantness of the treatments (0 minutes) and a test meal (at 120 minutes) will be measured with 100mm visual analogue scale. | at 0 and 120 minutes |
| D012816 |
| Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D004700 | Endocrine System Diseases |
| D006946 | Hyperinsulinism |