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Study design has changed.
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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Jenny Craig, Inc. | INDUSTRY |
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The primary purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of the combined effects of meal variety and portion size on food intake at a meal. The study will also explore relationships with eating microstructure such as eating rate and bite size. Additionally, other individual characteristics will be examined for their influence on the effects of variety and portion size on meal intake.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Low Variety Small Portion Without Beverage | Experimental | Test meal with food components mixed together (low variety) with a small portion of food served without water |
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| High Variety Small Portion Without Beverage | Experimental | Test meal with food components separated on the plate (high variety) with a small portion of food served without water |
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| Low Variety Small Portion With Beverage | Experimental | Test meal with food components mixed together (low variety) with a small portion of food and water |
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| High Variety Small Portion With Beverage | Experimental | Test meal with food components separated on the plate (high variety) with a small portion of food and water |
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| Low Variety Large Portion With Beverage | Experimental |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low variety | Other | Meal components are mixed together on the plate |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in intake by weight | Weight (grams) of all meal components consumed | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in energy intake | Energy intake (kilocalories) of all meal components consumed, calculated from weight and energy density | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in bite count | The number of bites of food during the meal | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in meal duration | Duration of the meal in minutes |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Laboratory for the Study of Human Ingestive Behavior, The Pennsylvania State University | University Park | Pennsylvania | 16802 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005247 | Feeding Behavior |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001522 | Behavior, Animal |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001628 | Beverages |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
| D019602 | Food and Beverages |
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Test meal with food components mixed together (low variety) with a large portion of food and water
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| High Variety Large Portion With Beverage | Experimental | Test meal with food components separated on the plate (high variety) with a large portion of food and water |
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| High Variety | Other | Meal components are served separately on the plate |
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| Small Portion Size | Other | Small meal portion size |
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| Large Portion Size | Other | Large meal portion size |
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| With Beverage | Other | Meal served with water |
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| Without Beverage | Other | Meal served without water |
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| Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in mean eating rate | Mean food intake per minute (grams/minute), calculated by dividing meal food intake by meal duration | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in mean bite size | Mean food intake per bite (grams/bite), calculated by dividing meal food intake by bite count | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in sip count | The number of sips of water during the meal | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in mean drinking rate | Mean water intake per minute (grams/minute), calculated by dividing meal water intake by meal duration | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in mean sip size | Mean water intake per sip (grams/sip), calculated by dividing meal water intake by sip count | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in switching between bites and sips | The number of switches between bites and sips during the meal | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in rating of pleasantness of the taste of food samples | Measured on a 100-mm visual analogue scale ranging from not at all pleasant (0 mm) to extremely pleasant (100 mm). This will be used to calculate Sensory-Specific Satiety | From before the test meal to after the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in rating of prospective consumption of food samples | Measured on a 100-mm visual analogue scale ranging from none at all (0 mm) to vary large amount (100 mm) how much of [this food] do you want to eat right now?. This will be used to calculate Sensory-Specific Satiety | From before the test meal to after the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in rating of hunger | Measured on a 100-mm visual analogue scale ranging from not at all hungry (0 mm) to extremely hungry (100 mm) | From before the test meal to after the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in rating of thirst | Measured on a 100-mm visual analogue scale ranging from not at all thirsty (0 mm) to extremely thirsty (100 mm) | From before the test meal to after the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in rating of nausea | Measured on a 100-mm visual analogue scale ranging from not at all nauseated (0 mm) to extremely nauseated (100 mm) | From before the test meal to after the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in rating of fullness | Measured on a 100-mm visual analogue scale ranging from not at all full (0 mm) to extremely full (100 mm) | From before the test meal to after the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in rating of prospective consumption of the meal | Measured on a 100-mm visual analogue scale ranging from nothing at all (0 mm) to a large amount (100 mm) in answer to the question 'How much food could you eat right now?'. | At the start of the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in rating of the size of the meal compared to participant's usual portion | 100-point visual analog scale ranging from a lot smaller (0 mm) to a lot larger (100 mm) | At the start of the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in rating of how filling the participant expects this amount of food to be | 100-point visual analog scale ranging from not at all filling (0 mm) to extremely filling (100 mm) | At the start of the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in rating of meal termination due to fullness | 100-point visual analog scale ranging from strongly disagree (0 mm) to strongly agree (100 mm) | At the end of the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in rating of meal termination due to eating their usual amount | 100-point visual analog scale ranging from strongly disagree (0 mm) to strongly agree (100 mm) | At the end of the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in rating of meal termination due to eating is no longer a priority | 100-point visual analog scale ranging from strongly disagree (0 mm) to strongly agree (100 mm) | At the end of the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in rating of meal termination due to there being no food left | 100-point visual analog scale ranging from strongly disagree (0 mm) to strongly agree (100 mm) | At the end of the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in rating of meal termination due to self-consciousness about amount consumed | 100-point visual analog scale ranging from strongly disagree (0 mm) to strongly agree (100 mm) | At the end of the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in rating of meal termination due to the food no longer tasting good | 100-point visual analog scale ranging from strongly disagree (0 mm) to strongly agree (100 mm) | At the end of the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in estimation of proportion of meal eaten | 100-point visual analog scale ranging from 0% to 100% | At the end of the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |
| Change in estimation of calories consumed at the meal | Open ended question (number of calories) | At the end of the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 |