Multicenter Open Label Phase 3 Study of Isatuximab Plus Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone With/Without Bortezomib in the Treatment of Newly Diagnosed Non Frail Transplant Ineligible Multiple Myeloma Elderly Patients (≥ 65; < 80 Years).
Multicenter Open Label Phase 3 Study of Isatuximab Plus Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone With/Without Bortezomib in the Treatment of Newly Diagnosed Non Frail Transplant Ineligible Multiple Myeloma Elderly Patients (≥ 65; < 80 Years).
Overall the issue of patients above 65-70 years of age being that it is impossible for most of them to undergo an intensive treatment like autologous stem cell transplant with little prospect of debulking effectively the bone marrow with chemotherapy, and also few possibilities to harass the bone microenvironment in the tumoral niche.
If, advanced age in frail patients is predictive of an increased risk of treatment-related toxicity, there is a growing number of elderly patients in regards to transplantation, but still fit if one considers the objectives of life characterized with prolonged survival. These patients might have the same treatment as to the transplant eligible, but without the transplant procedure. The development of immunotherapy has transformed the treatment landscape of cancer, particularly in MM, increasing the treatment possibilities with possibly fewer adverse events.
The therapeutic strategy and treatment options for NTE patients moved from melphalan-based induction regimens to lenalidomide-based associations, which is now the backbone of most treatment for NTE patients. Even though the latest melphalan, bortezomib and prednisone (MPV) association was considered somewhat effective it was not so well tolerated. Furthermore, MPV hardly prolonged PFS beyond 2 years. It was recently improved with the addition of Daratumumab, first in class anti CD38 Mab in the phase III ALCYONE.
The association lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd) has significantly improved the easiness of treating the NTE population and all drugs seem to be possible to combine to Rd. In that extent, proteasome inhibitors have always been one of the most impactful family of agents in MM, and as expected Bortezomib plus Rd has become a very relevant and commonly used regimen in NTE NDMM. These groundbreaking results have favored the development of 2 randomized phase 3 studies for registration of combination of antiCD38Mab (Daratumumab (Cepheus, NCT03652064), Isatuximab (Imroz, NCT03319667) +Rd +Velcade in comparison to VRd. Both studies have used as a comparator the VRd regimen which is today one of the safest, active and popular triplet based Rd regimen, approved, and therefore the best control arm possibly for these studies.
However, as much as there has been no direct head to head comparison of VRd to Dara Rd, when looking at the data from Maia it is anticipated that DRd will become a standard of care, and might challenge strongly VRd. Yet, multiple questions remain still, anticipating the change in backbone from VRd to antiCD38 +Rd becoming the new standard of care for NTE NDMM patients. The investigators have therefore planned to answer the critical question of the role of proteasome inhibitors in NTE non frail NDMM when considering anti CD38 +Rd as the backbone.
Inclusion Criteria:
Must be able to understand and voluntarily sign an informed consent form
Life expectancy > 6 months
Subject, male or female, must be at least ≥ 65 years of age and < 80 years of age
Must have a Newly diagnosed Multiple Myeloma requiring therapy (SLiM CRAB criteria)
Must have measurable disease
Must be Non Transplant Eligible Non Frail
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status score of 0, 1, or 2
Adequate bone marrow function, documented within 72 hours and without transfusion 72 hours prior to the first intake of investigational product (C1J1) with no growth factor support (one week),
Adequate organ function defined as:
Subjects affiliated with an appropriate social security system.
A man who is sexually active with a pregnant woman or a woman of childbearing potential must agree to use a barrier method of birth control e.g., condom with spermicidal foam/gel/film/cream/suppository during the study and for at least 5 months after the last dose of treatment, even he has had a vasectomy.
A female participant is eligible to participate if she is not pregnant, not breastfeeding, and at least one of the following conditions applies:
Not a female of childbearing potential Or A FCBP who must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test with a sensitivity of at least 25 mIU/mL within 10 - 14 days prior to and again within 24 hours prior to starting study medication and before each cycle of study treatment.
A FCBP must understand and agree to continue abstinence from heterosexual intercourse or to use 2 reliable effective methods of contraception (a very effective method and an effective additional method) simultaneously without interruption
Exclusion Criteria:
Subject has a diagnosis of primary amyloidosis, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, or smoldering multiple myeloma. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance is defined by presence of serum M-protein <3 g/dL; absence of lytic bone lesions, anemia, hypercalcemia, and renal insufficiency related to the M-protein; and (if determined) proportion of plasma cells in the bone marrow of 10% or less (Kyle 2003). Smoldering multiple myeloma is defined as asymptomatic multiple myeloma with absence of related organ or tissue impairment end organ damage (Kyle 2003, Kyle 2007).
Subject has a diagnosis of Waldenström's disease, or other conditions in which IgM M-protein is present in the absence of a clonal plasma cell infiltration with lytic bone lesions.
Subject has prior or current systemic therapy or SCT for multiple myeloma, with the exception of an emergency use of a short course (equivalent of dexamethasone 40 mg/day for a maximum 4 days) of corticosteroids before treatment.
Subject has a history of malignancy (other than multiple myeloma) within 3 years before the date of randomization (exceptions are squamous and basal cell carcinomas of the skin and carcinoma in situ of the cervix, or malignancy that in the opinion of the investigator, with concurrence with the Coordinator Investigator, is considered cured with minimal risk of recurrence within 3 years).
Subject has had radiation therapy within 7 days of randomization.
Subject has had plasmapheresis within 7 days of randomization.
Subject is exhibiting clinical signs of meningeal involvement of multiple myeloma.
Subject known to be seropositive for history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or to have hepatitis A active infection.
Known to have hepatitis B active or uncontrolled infection (positive HBsAg and/or HBV DNA)
If anti-HBV therapy in relation with prior infection was started before initiation of IMP, the anti-HBV therapy and monitoring should continue throughout the study treatment period.
o • Patients with negative HBsAg and positive HBV DNA observed during screening period will be evaluated by a specialist for start of anti-viral treatment: study treatment could be proposed if HBV DNA becomes negative and all the other study criteria are still met.
• Known to have hepatitis C active infection (positive HCV RNA and negative anti-HCV) Patients with antiviral therapy for HCV started before initiation of IMP and positive HCV antibodies are eligible. The antiviral therapy for HCV should continue throughout the treatment period until seroconversion.
Patients with positive anti-HCV and undetectable HCV RNA without antiviral therapy for HCV are eligible.
In case of very aggressive disease (i.e acute leukemia) delay could be shortened after agreement between sponsor and investigator, in absence of residual toxicities from previous therapy.