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To find out the better treatment options from active and passive static stretching in delayed onset of muscle soreness in recreational body players.
After registering participant's randomization will be done through sealed envelope method and will be allocated in both groups equally. Group 1 will receive passive static stretching while group 2 will receive active static stretching. All subjects will be assessed before the intervention through likert muscle soreness scale, Numeric Rating Pain Scale and range of motion for Shoulder, elbow, and wrist by a Goniometer. After that all subjects will perform eccentric exhaust weight exercises in the gym of all mentioned joints, three sets at each joint. Before giving the intervention they will assess of all mentioned parameters. Group 1 groups will perform passive static stretching and group 2 will perform active static stretching. At the end of the intervention participants will be assessed again using the same parameters. Statistical analysis will be carried out to compare the outcomes measures of both groups.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Passive static stretching exercise | Experimental | Group 1 will receive passive static stretching. All subjects will be assessed before the intervention through likert muscle soreness scale, Numeric Rating Pain Scale and range of motion for Shoulder, elbow, and wrist by a Goniometer. After that all subjects will perform eccentric exhaust weight exercises in the gym of all mentioned joints, three sets at each joint. Before giving the intervention they will assess of all mentioned parameters. |
|
| Active static stretching | Experimental | Group 2 will receive active static stretching. All subjects will be assessed before the intervention through likert muscle soreness scale, Numeric Rating Pain Scale and range of motion for Shoulder, elbow, and wrist by a Goniometer. After that all subjects will perform eccentric exhaust weight exercises in the gym of all mentioned joints, three sets at each joint. Before giving the intervention they will assess of all mentioned parameters. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active and passive static stretching exercises | Other | Different group of muscles will be stretched one by one, tricep brachii, bicep brachii, wrist exentsor etc |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Numerical Pain Rating Scale | Assesses the subjective intensity of pain; ages 18 and above | 8 weeks |
| Goniometer | A goniometer is an instrument which measures the available range of motion at a joint. Range of measurements flexion extension, abduction adduction, internal and external rotation, elbow flexion and extension wrist flexion and extension and radial and ulner deviation | 8 weeks |
| Likert muscle Soreness Scale | Scale Description 0 An absence of soreness
| 8 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Suhail Karim, PP-DPT | Riphah International University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shahif international Gym | Islamabad | Federal | 44000 | Pakistan | ||
| Liaqat Gym |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Background | Smith M. Effect of Myofascial Decompression on Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Following Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage. 2018. | ||
| 22876722 | Background | Paulsen G, Mikkelsen UR, Raastad T, Peake JM. Leucocytes, cytokines and satellite cells: what role do they play in muscle damage and regeneration following eccentric exercise? Exerc Immunol Rev. 2012;18:42-97. | |
| 42029507 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015444 | Exercise |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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| Rawalpindi |
| Punjab Province |
| 46000 |
| Pakistan |
| Background |
| Paschalis V, Margaritelis NV, Chatzinikolaou PN, Theodorou AA, Nikolaidis MG. Eccentric Exercise and Muscle Damage: An Introductory Guide. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2026 Mar 26;11(2):139. doi: 10.3390/jfmk11020139. |
| 25415413 | Background | Pearcey GE, Bradbury-Squires DJ, Kawamoto JE, Drinkwater EJ, Behm DG, Button DC. Foam rolling for delayed-onset muscle soreness and recovery of dynamic performance measures. J Athl Train. 2015 Jan;50(1):5-13. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-50.1.01. Epub 2014 Nov 21. |
| 19525241 | Background | Jamtvedt G, Herbert RD, Flottorp S, Odgaard-Jensen J, Havelsrud K, Barratt A, Mathieu E, Burls A, Oxman AD. A pragmatic randomised trial of stretching before and after physical activity to prevent injury and soreness. Br J Sports Med. 2010 Nov;44(14):1002-9. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2009.062232. Epub 2009 Jun 11. |
| 28742609 | Background | Xie Y, Feng B, Chen K, Andersen LL, Page P, Wang Y. The Efficacy of Dynamic Contract-Relax Stretching on Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness Among Healthy Individuals: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Clin J Sport Med. 2018 Jan;28(1):28-36. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000442. |
| 23977721 | Background | Kanda K, Sugama K, Hayashida H, Sakuma J, Kawakami Y, Miura S, Yoshioka H, Mori Y, Suzuki K. Eccentric exercise-induced delayed-onset muscle soreness and changes in markers of muscle damage and inflammation. Exerc Immunol Rev. 2013;19:72-85. |