The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of caffeine on myocardial oxygenation and other cardiovascular magnetic resonance parameters in healthy controls.

Caffeine is presumed to create a confounder with diagnostic imaging. The vasodilatory capacity is considered a key measure for the detection of significant coronary disease with stenosed epicardial arterial conduit vessels and overall microvascular function, including endothelial dysfunction. Twenty nine healthy controls will undergo a baseline cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) exam. Afterwards, participants will consume coffee in the presence of study personnel. This will consist of 3 espresso shots, which will be consumed within 15 minutes. Approximately 2h after coffee consumption the CMR exam will be repeated. The goal will be to investigate the impact of caffeine on myocardial features. In particular the effect on the myocardial oxygenation response to vasodilating and vasoconstricting stimuli.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Ability to give informed consent, documented by signature
• Aged 18 to 45

Exclusion Criteria:

• MRI Contraindications following current institutional guidelines at the time of the CMR exam
• Knowledge or suspicion of pregnancy (verified with a pregnancy test).
• Consumption of caffeine 12h prior to the baseline CMR exam (outside of the study protocol).
• Known cardiovascular disease, diabetes, severe respiratory disease, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, chemotherapy and radiation treatment, cerebrovascular and occlusive peripheral vascular disease.

Blinded image analysis