BHW is a psycho-educative control condition, and is typically part of psycho-educative Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) rehabilitation programs, but adjusted for the ALL group of participants. The psycho-educative control condition BHW will be matched GMT for amount of training and therapist contact. Homework assignment and in-session tasks included readings, brain games, puzzles, and practical exercises such as logging sleep.

The CWI is a measure of inhibition and cognitive flexibility. The test consists of four conditions; color naming (condition 1), word reading (condition 2), inhibition (condition 3) and inhibition switching (condition 4). Scores are computed for completion time (condition 1-4) and total errors (condition 3 and 4). Higher scores reflect better performance, and raw scores are converted to scaled scores (M=10, SD=3).

The TMT from Delis Kaplan Executive Function System is a measure of flexibility/shifting. The primary measure is condition 4 where the participant is asked to shift between number and letter sequencing. The test also measures the basic abilities of visual scanning (condition 1), number- and letter sequencing combined with drawing a line (condition 2 and 3) and motor pace (Condition 5). Scores reflect completion time and raw scores are converted to scaled scores (M=10, SD=3). Higher scores reflect better performance.

The CVLT II a measure of verbal learning and memory. Participants are asked to recall words from list A, both with and without an interruption list B. There are three types of conditions; the participant is asked to freely recall items (free recall), to recall after a cue is presented (cued recall) and to recognize previously presented words (recognition condition). Both short and long delay is measured. Raw scores are converted to Z-scores (M=0, SD=1) and T-scores (M=50, SD=10). Higher scores reflect better performance, except for error measures. For T2 (14 days) follow up, CVLT II Alternative Form will be used.

The WCST-64 is a measure of abstract thinking and set-shifting/ mental flexibility. The participant is instructed to sort cards according to varying principles. A computer-based version will be employed. Raw scores are converted to T-scores (M=50, SD=10) and higher scores reflect better performance.

The Hotel Task is a measure of executive components: planning, organization, self-monitoring and cognitive flexibility. The participant is asked to try out as many as possible of five tasks within a relatively short (15 minutes) time period. Raw scores are computed. Higher scores reflect better performance, except for deviation of optimal time use. The test has been demonstrated to have high ecological validity and ability to detect frontal lobe dysfunction.

The DEX - self-report is a measure of everyday problems with executive function. The questionnaire consists of 20 items with a 5-point Likert scale where the respondent is asked to rate the frequency of cognitive difficulties from 0 (never) to 4 (very often). A higher total score reflects worse executive functioning.

The subtests: Digit span, letter-number sequencing performance will be used as a measure of Verbal working memory/attention (Working memory index).

The HSCL-25 is a measure of mental health. The Hopkins Symptom Check List (HSCL-25) is a 25-item self-report measuring adult mental health symptoms within the previous week. Total sum scores range from zero (least symptomatic) to 100 (most symptomatic). A mean item score can also be calculated, in which 1,75 is a common clinical cut-off score. The HSCL-25 is a short version of the HSCL-90.

The GPSS is a measure of self-efficacy. The General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale (GPSS) is a 10-item psychometric scale assessing the strength of an individual's beliefs in his/her ability to respond to controlled environmental demands and challenges. Items are rated on a 4-point Likert scale (1=not at all true to 4=exactly true). There is no cut-off score on this scale. However, the weighted variance equaled 25.91. Thus, a raw score of 24 is 1 SD below the weighted mean using T-norms from the German version.

The FSS is a measure of fatigue. The Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) includes nine questions related to how fatigue interferes with certain activities; symptom severity is rated on a 7-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree to 7=strongly agree). Based on previous reports on the prevalence of fatigue, an FSS score ≥5 is to be interpreted as indicative of severe fatigue.

The FQ is a measure of fatigue. The FQ is an 11-item questionnaire, assessing physical (items 1-7) and mental (items 8-11) symptoms of fatigue, along with a total score. All items are rated using a 4-point Likert scale (0 = better than usual, 1= no more than usual, 2 = much worse than usual. Fatigue "caseness" is defined by total dichotomized scores >4 and a duration of ≥6 months.

The RSA includes 33 questions related to protective factors. Resilience is rated on a scale from 1 to 7, and a total score reflects degree of resilience. The higher the score on RSA scale, the more protective factors an individual is assumed to have, e.g., better psychological health, and thus, the individual seems to cope better with adverse life events. RSA consists of six factors divided into 1) intrapersonal resources ("Perception of self", "Planned future", "Social competence" and "Structured style"), and 2) interpersonal resources ("Family cohesion" and "Social resources").

The ESS is a measure of general level of daytime sleepiness. The measure includes 8 items, with scaled scores from 0 (would never doze) to 3 (high chance of dozing), participants are asked to rate their usual chances of dozing off or falling asleep in 8 different situations or activities- The reference range of "normal" ESS scores is zero to 10, while scores of 11-24 represent increasing levels of "excessive daytime sleepiness" (i.e., 0-5: Lower Normal Daytime Sleepiness, 6-10: Higher Normal Daytime Sleepiness, 11-12: Mild Excessive Daytime Sleepiness, 13-15: Moderate Excessive Daytime Sleepiness, 16-24: Severe Excessive Daytime Sleepiness). We will use ESS total score ≥13 as a clinical cut-off.

The ISI is a 7-item questionnaire is assessing the nature, severity, and impact of insomnia over the past month. A 5-point Likert scale (0 = none; 4 = very severe) is used to rate each item, with total scores ranging from 0-28 (Total score categories; 0-7; No clinical significant insomnia, 8-14: Subthreshold insomnia, 15-21: Clinical insomnia (moderate severity), 22-28 = Clinical insomnia (severe). We will use the ISI total score ≥15 as a clinical cut-off.

The PPI is part of the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and includes 8 items. Pain interference refers to the degree to which pain limits or interferes with the persons physical, mental, and social activities. Items range from 1 "not at all" to 5 "very much". An additional item asks the participant to rate average pain intensity for the last 7 days on another scale ranging from 1 "no pain" to 10 "worst pain imaginable".

The BPI consists of questions related to pain intensity and pain interference on function. Responses for each item ranges from 0 (no pain) to 10 (pain as bad as you can imagine). Pain severity score (sum score of intensity items 1 to 4) and interference score (sum score of interference items 5 to 10) are reported. In addition, one item measure the localization of the most intense pain.

The interview includes 32 items. Participants are asked about basic demographic information (e.g. years of education, occupation, living situation), medical conditions/ injuries (e.g. Have you ever been diagnosed with ADHD?), treatment/rehabilitation (e.g. Have you received cognitive rehabilitation?) and adverse life events (e.g. Have you lost a close family-member within the last 12 months?). In addition, participants are asked to describe challenges in their everyday life (e.g. Please tell me about challenges in your everyday life when it comes to achieving your goals, Do you easily get distracted from what you are doing?).