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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Centre for Aging and Brain Health Innovation | OTHER |
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Nonamnestic mild cognitive impairment (naMCI) is a prodromal state characterized by deficits in executive functioning, a collection of higher-order abilities involved in organization, planning, inhibition, and complex reasoning. Research shows that individuals with naMCI have an increased risk of developing non-Alzheimer's dementia such as frontotemporal dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies, which pose substantial personal and societal costs. Accordingly, interventions that can successfully slow down or reverse the course of naMCI are needed.
Goal Management Training (GMT) is a cognitive rehabilitation platform that has been studied extensively, applied clinically, and manualized into kits for clinicians (Levine et al., 2000; Levine et al., 2007; Levine et al., 2011; Stamenova & Levine, 2019). The purpose of GMT is to train individuals to periodically "STOP" what they are doing, attend to task goals, evaluate their performance, and monitor or check outcomes as they proceed. Recently, an online version of GMT has been developed and validated in order to circumvent barriers to attending in-person sessions.
The purpose of the current study is to determine if the online version of GMT is effective at improving self-reported executive dysfunction in individuals diagnosed with naMCI against a control group that is receiving treatment-as-usual from their care provider. It is hypothesized that, compared to the control group, individuals receiving GMT will report a decrease in executive function deficits.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Online Goal Management Training (GMT) | Experimental | The online version of GMT with a therapist on the back-end monitoring progress and giving feedback throughout the program. Online GMT takes 5-9 weeks (self-paced) to complete 9 modules involving instructional video with interactive content, practice of cognitive strategies through games, and between-module exercises. |
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| Treatment-as-usual control group | No Intervention | Participants randomized to this arm will receive no additional information or access to the intervention program. They will continue to receive treatment-as-usual from their care providers. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Online Goal Management Training | Behavioral | Pre-recorded videos and games combine psycho-education, targeted skills training, and mindfulness practice to teach a system where participants can take control of their attention and cognitive faculties. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in dysexecutive functioning - participants' report | Dysexecutive Functioning Index (DEX; Burgess et al., 1996) questionnaire measures self-reported deficits in executive functions, and is composed of one scale with scores ranging from 0-80, where higher scores indicate greater executive deficit. | Pre-intervention; Immediately post-intervention; 6 weeks post-intervention |
| Change in cognitive failures | Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ; Broadbent et al., 1992) measures self-reported failures in perception, memory, and motor function. It contains a single scale with scores ranging from 0-100, where higher scores indicate greater degree of impairment. | Pre-intervention; Immediately post-intervention; 6 weeks post-intervention |
| Change in dysexecutive functioning - carers' report | Dysexecutive Functioning Index (DEX; Burgess et al., 1996) questionnaire completed by participants carers'. | Pre-intervention; Immediately post-intervention; 6 weeks post-intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Cambridge Brain Sciences online cognitive assessment | Battery of online tasks that assess aspects of memory and reasoning (Hampshire et al., 2012). | Pre-intervention; Immediately post-intervention; 6 weeks post-intervention |
| Change in associative memory |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brian Levine, PhD | Contact | 416-785-2500 | 3593 | blevine@research.baycrest.org |
| Yushu Wang, MSc | Contact | 416-785-2500 | 2914 | ywang@research.baycrest.org |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Brian Levine, PhD | Baycrest Health Sciences | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baycrest Health Sciences | Recruiting | Toronto | Ontario | M6A2E1 | Canada |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10050359 | Background | Burgess PW, Alderman N, Evans J, Emslie H, Wilson BA. The ecological validity of tests of executive function. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 1998 Nov;4(6):547-58. doi: 10.1017/s1355617798466037. | |
| 7126941 | Background | Broadbent DE, Cooper PF, FitzGerald P, Parkes KR. The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) and its correlates. Br J Clin Psychol. 1982 Feb;21(1):1-16. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1982.tb01421.x. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D060825 | Cognitive Dysfunction |
| D019965 | Neurocognitive Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003072 | Cognition Disorders |
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Participants are screened, undergo a battery of tests at pre-test, and then are randomly assigned to one of two conditions: online GMT intervention or treatment-as-usual control group. After the intervention, the participants take the same test battery and complete it once more at 6 week follow-up.
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The study personnel who conduct screening and send pre/post-test surveys to participants are all blinded.
Randomizer is blinded to all participant pre-test outcomes. Care providers know what their participants are doing, but not aware of the full study design, including details of the other conditions or outcome test characteristics.
|
Face-name task associative memory score (Troyer et al., 2012). |
| Pre-intervention; Immediately post-intervention; 6 weeks post-intervention |
| 11556941 | Background | Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB. The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med. 2001 Sep;16(9):606-13. doi: 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x. |
| 10824502 | Background | Levine B, Robertson IH, Clare L, Carter G, Hong J, Wilson BA, Duncan J, Stuss DT. Rehabilitation of executive functioning: an experimental-clinical validation of goal management training. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2000 Mar;6(3):299-312. doi: 10.1017/s1355617700633052. |
| 21369362 | Background | Levine B, Schweizer TA, O'Connor C, Turner G, Gillingham S, Stuss DT, Manly T, Robertson IH. Rehabilitation of executive functioning in patients with frontal lobe brain damage with goal management training. Front Hum Neurosci. 2011 Feb 17;5:9. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2011.00009. eCollection 2011. |
| 17166313 | Background | Levine B, Stuss DT, Winocur G, Binns MA, Fahy L, Mandic M, Bridges K, Robertson IH. Cognitive rehabilitation in the elderly: effects on strategic behavior in relation to goal management. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2007 Jan;13(1):143-52. doi: 10.1017/S1355617707070178. |
| 23259956 | Background | Hampshire A, Highfield RR, Parkin BL, Owen AM. Fractionating human intelligence. Neuron. 2012 Dec 20;76(6):1225-37. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2012.06.022. |
| 23103838 | Background | Troyer AK, Murphy KJ, Anderson ND, Craik FI, Moscovitch M, Maione A, Gao F. Associative recognition in mild cognitive impairment: relationship to hippocampal volume and apolipoprotein E. Neuropsychologia. 2012 Dec;50(14):3721-8. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.10.018. Epub 2012 Oct 24. |
| 29540124 | Background | Stamenova V, Levine B. Effectiveness of goal management training(R) in improving executive functions: A meta-analysis. Neuropsychol Rehabil. 2019 Dec;29(10):1569-1599. doi: 10.1080/09602011.2018.1438294. Epub 2018 Mar 14. |