Spine Ultrasound Image Study of Spondylolisthesis Patient

Ultrasound Image Study to Evaluate the Optimal Angulation of Needle Insertion for Spinal Anesthesia in Patients With Spondylolisthesis

This study is to evaluate the anatomical characteristics of spondylolisthesis patients using spine ultrasound imaging. The optimal angle of spinal needle insertion for spinal anesthesia in spondylolisthesis patients was compared to that of normal patients without abnormal spinal anatomy.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adult patients scheduled for elective orthopedic surgery.
• with ASA physical status classification system I, II, III.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with communication difficulties.
• Patient who can not take a lateral decubitus position for spinal anesthesia. (e.g) fracture)
• Patients with a medical history of spinal surgery.
• Patients with significant spinal anatomical deformity any other than spondylolisthesis. (for spondylolisthesis patients group)