Ultrasound Predictors of Difficult Spinal Anesthesia

The Use of Ultrasound to Predict a Difficult Spinal Anesthesia: a Prospective Single-blind Observational Study

This prospective observational study aims to investigate about the efficacy of spine ultrasound in predicting difficult spinal anesthesia

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients undergoing spinal anesthesia for elective surgery
• ASA physical status score < 4

Exclusion Criteria:

• Contraindications to regional anesthesia
• ASA physical status score ≥ 4
• Patient's refusal or inability to sing the informed consent
• Previous spine surgery affecting the intervertebral space chosen for spinal anesthesia