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To determine if modalities designed to improve blood flow combined with post-exercise nutrient intake will improve replenishment of muscle glycogen better than nutrient intake alone. A secondary objective is to compare the effectiveness of heat therapy and intermittent pneumatic compression on glycogen replenishment.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intermittent pneumatic compression | Experimental | IPC sleeve device on leg |
|
| Heat therapy | Experimental | Custom water-circulating garment on leg |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Compression sleeve | Device | From foot to hip/groin on both legs with only 1 leg connected to pneumatic pump for 1 hour |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Rate of glycogen resynthesis | Leg skeletal muscle glycogen level assessment using assay kit | Change from baseline to 1.5 hrs and 3.5 hrs post exercise bout. Biopsy 1 post-exercise pre nutrient intake 1 and compression (IPC) or heat, biopsy 2 post compression or heat, pre-nutrition intake 2, biopsy 3 at 210 min. Higher rate is better. |
| Muscle functional recovery: Skeletal muscle function | Work fatigue (%) of the knee extensors measured using an isokinetic dynamometer | Change from pre-exercise to post-exercise and prior to biopsies and treatments, and 24 hours post exercise. Less fatigue is better. |
| Muscle functional recovery: Perceived muscle soreness | Knee extensor muscle soreness on a visual analog scale (VAS) of 100 mm after stepping on and off a 40 cm (female) or 45 cm (male) box three times | Change from pre-exercise to post-exercise and prior to biopsies and treatments, and 24 hours post exercise. Less soreness is better. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| mRNA expression of genes involved in regulation of glucose and glycogen metabolism and muscle functional recovery | Leg skeletal muscle fiber analysis determined using RT-PCR (Real-time polymerase chain reaction) | Change from baseline to 1.5 hours and 3.5 hours post exercise bout. Biopsy 1 post-exercise pre- nutrient intake 1 and compression (IPC) or heat, biopsy 2 post compression or heat and pre- nutrition intake 2, biopsy 3 at 210 min. Higher expression better. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Bruno Roseguini, PhD | Purdue University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Purdue University, Department of Health & Kinesiology | West Lafayette | Indiana | 47907 | United States |
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| Heat therapy | Device | Custom leg garment with one leg heated by circulating hot water approx 40 degrees C, the other leg approx 32 degrees C (thermoneutral) for 1 hour |
|
| Glycogen-depleting exercise session | Other | Prolonged intermittent high intensity running (LIST protocol) |
|
| Nutrient Intake (beverage) | Other | Post-exercise, all participants will receive a beverage containing 1.0 g/kg carbohydrate and 0.3 g/kg protein from the mixture of Gatorade Recover Protein Shake and Gatorade Thirst Quencher |
|
| Skeletal muscle biopsy | Procedure | Vastus lateralis muscle in the lower thigh will be obtained by the percutaneous needle technique |
|
| Serum insulin | Blood test using ELISA kit | Change from post exercise at same time as biopsy 1 (Time 0), biopsy 2 (1.5 hrs) and biopsy 3 (3.5 hrs) |
| Serum Glucose | Blood test using ELISA kit | Change from post exercise at same time as biopsy 1 (Time 0), biopsy 2 (1.5 hrs) and biopsy 3 (3.5 hrs |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D063806 | Myalgia |
| D000084462 | Hyperthermia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009135 | Muscular Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
| D009468 | Neuromuscular Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D059352 | Musculoskeletal Pain |
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D001832 | Body Temperature Changes |
| D018882 | Heat Stress Disorders |
| D014947 | Wounds and Injuries |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003972 | Diathermy |
| D004435 | Eating |
| D001628 | Beverages |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006979 | Hyperthermia, Induced |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D009747 | Nutritional Physiological Phenomena |
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
| D004068 | Digestive System Physiological Phenomena |
| D055688 | Digestive System and Oral Physiological Phenomena |
| D019602 | Food and Beverages |
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