IL-32 Isoforms Levels in GCF and Plasma of the Patients With Periodontitis

Increased Levels of Interleukin-32 Isoforms Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta in the Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Plasma of the Patients With Periodontitis

Interleukin (IL)-32, which has been recently reported to be associated with periodontitis, has been suggested to have pleiotropic effect due to its 9 different isoforms. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of IL-32α, IL-32β, IL-32γ, IL-32δ isoforms in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and plasma before and after nonsurgical periodontal treatment in patients with periodontitis (P).Twenty-seven P and 27 periodontally healthy controls (C) were recruited in this study. Periodontitis patients were performed nonsurgical periodontal treatment. GCF and plasma sampling and clinical periodontal parameters were evaluated before and 1 month after treatment. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to analyze the levels of IL-32α, IL-32β, IL-32γ, IL-32δ isoforms in GCF and plasma samples.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Have at least 20 natural teeth, excluding third molars.
• Periodontitis patients had at least two non-adjacent sites per quadrant with probing depth (PD) ≥ 5 mm and clinical attachment level (CAL) ≥ 5 mm with gingival inflammation, and alveolar bone loss affecting >30% of the teeth, as detected on clinical and radiographical examinations.
• Periodontally healthy control group had no sign of gingival inflammation, no PD > 3mm and no evidence of attachment or bone loss

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of systemic disease.
• Regular use of any drugs which can effect the immune system or inflammatory response in the 6 months preceding the start of the study.
• Periodontal treatment during last 6 months that could affect periodontal status.
• Smoking.
• History of radiotherapy or chemotherapy.
• Current pregnancy, lactation or menopause.