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| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| R01DK111558 | U.S. NIH Grant/Contract | View source | |
| 33648 | Registry Identifier | AsPredicted |
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Study halted prematurely during COVID-19 outbreak (only 1 participant)
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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) | NIH |
| Drexel University | OTHER |
| University of Connecticut | OTHER |
| New York University |
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Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are a significant contributor to adult and childhood obesity. Policies to place health warning labels on sugar-sweetened beverages are being pursued, but there is little empirical data on how such labels influence people. The proposed research will evaluate the impact of different types of sugar-sweetened beverage warning labels relative to standard calorie labels on the purchasing and consumption behaviors of parents and children.
The primary objective of this proposal is to determine, before wide-scale implementation, to what degree SSB warning labels increase consumers' knowledge about the potential health harms of SSBs and reduce SSB intake. The study is designed to answer two additional questions: 1) Do some warning labels work better than others? 3) If warning labels influence behavior, is it because they increase knowledge or simply provide a salient reminder that some drinks are less healthy? This aim is designed to test the effect of warning labels on total kilocalories (kcals) purchased and consumed by parents and children. We will examine how SSB warning labels influence snack and beverage purchases and intake among 405 racially and ethnically diverse parent-child pairs.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Calorie/Control Label Condition | Active Comparator | Beverages at the concession stand and in the parent survey in this arm will display solely a calorie label. |
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| Text Warning Label Condition | Experimental | Sugary beverages at the concession stand and in the parent survey in this arm will display both a text warning and a calorie label. |
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| Sugar Graphic Label Condition | Experimental | Sugary beverages at the concession stand and in the parent survey in this arm will display a sugar graphic warning label depicting the amount of sugar in the product, the same text warning, and a calorie label. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exposure to sugar-sweetened beverage warning labels | Behavioral | Graphic images of the amount of sugar (randomly assigned teaspoons, packets, or cubes) and text warning labels |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Total beverage calories purchased for the child | Total number of calories for all beverages purchased for the child during the study visit | Study visit, one hour |
| Total calories purchased for the child | Total number of calories for all food and beverages (summed) purchased for the child during the study visit | Study visit, one hour |
| Total calories the child consumes | Total number of calories consumed by the child for all food and beverages (summed) during the study visit | Study visit, one hour |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Total beverage calories purchased for the adult | Total number of calories for all beverages purchased for the adult during the study visit | Study visit, one hour |
| Total calories purchased for the adult |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Parent sugary beverage purchase intentions for the child | Average of intentions for 4 sugary beverages (1 (not at all likely) - 5 (extremely likely)) | Study visit, 1 hour |
| Parent non-sugary beverage purchase intentions for the child |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Christina A Roberto, PhD | University of Pennsylvania | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Pennsylvania | Philadelphia | Pennsylvania | 19104 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005518 | Food Preferences |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005247 | Feeding Behavior |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| OTHER |
| University of Delaware | OTHER |
This randomized, controlled lab-based study will capture beverage and snack purchases from a concession stand and measure how much participants consume while watching a television show. Participants will be randomized to 1 of 3 groups: 1) calorie labels (control); 2) text warning labels; or 3) graphic warning labels displaying amounts of sugar.
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| Exposure to beverage calorie information | Behavioral | Calories for sugar-sweetened and non-sugar-sweetened beverages |
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Total number of calories for all food and beverages (summed) purchased for the adult during the study visit
| Study visit, one hour |
| Beverage calories the child consumes | Total number of calories consumed by the child for all beverages during the study visit | Study visit, one hour |
| Beverage calories the adult consumes | Total number of calories consumed by the adult for all beverages during the study visit | Study visit, one hour |
| Total calories the adult consumes | Total number of calories consumed by the adult for all food and beverages (summed) during the study visit | Study visit, one hour |
Average of intentions for 3 non-sugary beverages (1 (not at all likely) - 5 (extremely likely))
| Study visit, 1 hour |
| Sugary beverage health beliefs and risk perceptions for the child | Average of 9 summed items for 4 sugary beverages (1 (strongly disagree) - 5 (strongly agree)) | Study visit, 1 hour |
| Non-sugary beverage health beliefs and risk perceptions for the child | Average of 9 summed items for 3 non-sugary beverages (1 (strongly disagree) - 5 (agree)) | Study visit, 1 hour |
| Sugary beverage accuracy of calorie knowledge | Average of difference between actual calories in each item from the calories reported by participants across 4 sugary beverages (larger numbers = overestimation) | Study visit, 1 hour |
| Non-sugary beverage accuracy of calorie knowledge | Average of difference between actual calories in each item from the calories reported by participants across 3 non-sugary beverages (larger numbers = overestimation) | Study visit, 1 hour |
| Sugary beverage accuracy of sugar knowledge | Average of difference between actual teaspoons of sugar in each item from the number of teaspoons reported by participants across 4 sugary beverages (larger numbers = overestimation) | Study visit, 1 hour |
| Non-sugary beverage accuracy of sugar knowledge | Average of difference between actual teaspoons of sugar in each item from the number of teaspoons reported by participants across 3 non-sugary beverages (larger numbers = overestimation) | Study visit, 1 hour |
| Sugary beverage categorical perception of amount of sugar | Proportion of 4 sugary beverages coded as just right or too much vs. none or too little | Study visit, 1 hour |
| Non-sugary beverage categorical perception of amount of sugar | Proportion of 3 non-sugary beverages coded as none vs. all other options | Study visit, 1 hour |