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This study aims to investigate the effects of short, psychological interventions on bio-psychological stress responses after an acute stressor. The efficacy of two different approaches (expectation-bases vs. acceptance-based) will be compared to a control-group.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Expectation | Experimental | Participants are asked to think of three strength which have helped them in prior stressful events. They then have to think of ways how these strength may help them in future stressful situations, i.e. a test in this experiment. |
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| Acceptance | Experimental | Participants listen to an audio-instruction on cognitive defusion. They shall observe the thoughts and feelings of stress and, with the help of the instruction, distance themselves from it. |
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| Control | No Intervention | Participants wait for the stress-test to start. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Expectation | Behavioral | writing task |
| |
| Acceptance |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Subjective Stress Ratings | VAS (visual analogue scale) | at baseline, before the intervention, after the intervention; during the stressor, after the stressor; in total 45 minutes |
| Change in Cortisol Levels | saliva sample | at baseline (min. -37), after the intervention (min. -19), after the stressor (min. 0), recovery 1 (min. +15), recovery 2 (min. +30); in total 67 minutes |
| Changes in Heart-Rate-Variability (HRV) | electrocardiogram | during baseline (duration 10 minutes), during the stressor (duration 20 minutes), during recovery (duration 10 minutes); in total 40 minutes |
| Changes in Affect | VAS (visual analogue scale) | at baseline, after the stressor; in total 45 minutes |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Self-Efficacy | questionnaire (self-efficacy scale; Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1999) | at baseline, after the recovery-phase; in total 55 minutes |
| Positivity | questionnaire (positivity scale; Caprara et al., 2012, König, 2012) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Frank Euteneuer, Prof. Dr. | Philipps University Marburg | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Philipps University Marburg Medical Center | Marburg | 35032 | Germany |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013315 | Stress, Psychological |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| Behavioral |
listening |
|
| at baseline, after the recovery-phase; in total 55 minutes |