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Since schools are closed due to the current corona virus situation, the study cannot be continued.
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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Danone Global Research & Innovation Center | INDUSTRY |
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This study evaluates the effect of changes in the range of drinks offered in vending machines in schools on the sugar intake of pupils via drinks.
Children and adolescents consume a considerable amount of liquid in the form of sugary drinks. A high sugar diet associated not only with the increase in overweight children, but also with type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer.
In many schools, cold drink vending machines with different fillings are available offering various sugary drinks.
Participating schools will be randomised in a ratio of 1:1:1 into three groups. In one intervention group, the vending machines will be re-equipped to contain 60% drinks containing a maximum of 6.7g sugar/100ml, 20% drinks containing more than 6.7g sugar/100ml and 20% water. In the second intervention group, the vending machines offer 80% water, 20% products with a maximum of 6.7g sugar/100ml. In the control group, the range of products offered by the vending machines remains unchanged. Information of the students drinking habits, total fluid intake and sugar intake in the form of food and drinks will be collected. In addition, data such as body height, body weight, physical activity and socio-democratic or socio-economic data will be accumulated. The sales figures of the drinks in the vending machines will be recorded and information about the surroundings of the schools (fast food chains, supermarkets, etc.) will be collected.
The survey of students and data collection will be repeated three times. In a sub-study, demographic data and the frequency of consumption of sugared beverages and water are collected from 2 focus groups. In addition, participants will complete a questionnaire on general attitudes towards sugary drinks or water, obstacles to and incentives for reducing sugar consumption by liquids or increasing water consumption.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| control | No Intervention | the range of products offered by the vending machines remains unchanged | |
| Intervention group 1 | Other | vending machines will be re-equipped to contain 60% drinks containing a maximum of 6.7g sugar/100ml, 20% drinks containing more than 6.7g sugar/100ml and 20% water |
|
| Intervention group 2 | Other | In the second intervention group, the vending machines offer 80% water and 20% products with a maximum of 6.7g sugar/100ml. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sugar reduction | Dietary Supplement | sugar reduction in the offered drinks |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Consumption of mean liquid free sugar intake per week (g) by using the 7-day fluid record | self report of fluid consumption | 1 week |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Absolute (mL) and relative (%) contribution of each fluid intake category to total fluid intake by using the 7-day fluid record | self report of fluid consumption, the measure presents only one outcome "fluid intake", which will be reported in "ml" and "%". | 1 week |
| Water intake by using the 7-day fluid record with the proportion of children meeting the EFSA adequate intake for water from fluids |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NMS St. Veit/Glan | Sankt Veit an der Glan | Carinthia | 9300 | Austria | ||
| NMS II Spittal/Drau |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
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| Label | URL |
|---|---|
| World Health Organization (WHO). Diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases: report of a Joint WHO/FAO Expert Consultation | View source |
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self report of fluid consumption |
| 1 week |
| Consumption of free sugar from food by 24-h dietary recall | self report of food consumption | 24 hours |
| Body weight and Body-Mass-Index (BMI) by using body weight and height | Measured with a calibrated body scale in light clothes and without shoes | Start, 3-4 months, 7-8 months |
| Abdominal girth | inelastic tape | Start, 3-4 months, 7-8 months |
| Physical activity | International Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (IPAQ-A), scale title "Physical activity of adolescents", scale minimum "0", scale maximum "7", higher scores mean a better outcome | Start, 3-4 months, 7-8 months |
| Socio-demographic and socioeconomic factors | questionnaire, scale title "socio-demographic and socio-econimoc status", scale minimum is "0", scale maximum is "3", higher scores mean a better outcome | after 7-8 months |
| Sales data (frequencies of beverages) of the vending machine and school cafeteria operators | Interview | through study completion, an average of 8 month |
| Spittal an der Drau |
| Carinthia |
| 9800 |
| Austria |
| Sport-Mittelschule Matzen-Raggendorf | Matzen | Gänserndorf | 2243 | Austria |
| Gymnasium Bad Vöslau/Gainfard | Bad Vöslau | Lower Austria | 2540 | Austria |
| NMS Lanzenkirchen | Lanzenkirchen | Lower Austria | 2821 | Austria |
| BG/BRG Zehnergasse | Wiener Neustadt | Lower Austria | 2700 | Austria |
| Bischöfliches Gymnasium Graz | Graz | Styria | 1230 | Austria |
| NMS Liezen | Liezen | Styria | 8940 | Austria |
| BG/BRG Wels | Wels | Upper Austria | 4600 | Austria |
| GRG II Zirkusgasse | Vienna | 1020 | Austria |
| BRG Marchettigasse | Vienna | 1060 | Austria |
| GRG Gottschalkgasse | Vienna | 1110 | Austria |
| GWIKU 18 Haizingergasse | Vienna | 1180 | Austria |
| LWS Donaustadt | Vienna | 1220 | Austria |
| GRG 23 | Vienna | 1230 | Austria |
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| Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for water | View source |
| The Family Affluence Scale as a Measure of National Wealth: Validation of an Adolescent Self-Report Measure | View source |