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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| St. Olavs Hospital | OTHER |
| Namsos Hospital | OTHER |
| University of Copenhagen | OTHER |
| University of Leeds |
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The biggest challenge in obesity management is maintaining weight loss in the long-term. Currently, bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment, leading to sustained weight loss that is not yet achievable with lifestyle intervention (e.g. diet). The reasons behind its success is still not clearly understood, but beneficial changes in the homeostatic and hedonic appetite systems (the two major physiological regulators of appetite), along with the microbiome (known to have a mediatory effect on appetite) have been shown to occur after bariatric surgery. These alterations are in opposition to what is seen after diet-induced weight loss. Today, the component of appetite regulation that drives bariatric surgeys' long-term success is still unknown. By comparing a lifestyle and surgical intervention in parallel, the investigators can observe the impact of a similar magnitude of weight loss on these three domains of appetite regulation simultaneously, thereby illuminating the mechanisms behind bariatric surgerys' success.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| VLED group | Experimental | Participants will undergo a 10-week VLED. |
|
| Sleeve Gastrectomy group | Experimental | Participants will undergo standard clinical practice prior to surgery. |
|
| Gatric Bypass group | Experimental | Participants will undergo standard clinical practice prior to surgery. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VLED group | Dietary Supplement | 10-week weight loss period with total meal replacement, consisting of 750 kcal/day. Measurements will be taken at baseline (before diet start), 10 weeks after intervention start (Wk11), and at 1 year. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Postprandial blood plasma concentration of Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1, satiety hormone) | Blood samples will be collected at fasting, and then every 30 minutes after a standardized test meal up to 150 minutes. A radioimmunoassay method will be used to measure the concentration of total GLP-1. This method measures antigen concentrations by the use of antibodies. | Week 11 |
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Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Catia Martins, PhD | Norwegian University of Science and Technology | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Namsos Hospital | Namsos | Norway | ||||
| St. Olavs Hospital |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41024443 | Derived | Finn A, Cedillo Y, Aukan M, Gower B, Martins C. Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide and Glucagon After Weight Loss Induced by Diet or Bariatric Surgery. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2025 Dec;33(12):2277-2288. doi: 10.1002/oby.70049. Epub 2025 Sep 29. | |
| 39572763 | Derived | Aukan MI, Rehfeld JF, Holst JJ, Martins C. Plasma concentration of gastrointestinal hormones and subjective appetite ratings after diet or bariatric surgery: 1-year results from the DISGAP study. Int J Obes (Lond). 2025 Feb;49(2):306-314. doi: 10.1038/s41366-024-01658-5. Epub 2024 Nov 21. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009765 | Obesity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D050177 | Overweight |
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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| OTHER |
| Norwegian University of Life Sciences | OTHER |
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|
| Sleeve Gastrectomy group | Procedure | Standard clinical practice with 2-week diet consisting of 750 kcal/day prior to surgery. The pre- and post-surgical diet of this group will be matched with the VLED group in macro- and micronutrient composition. Measurements will be taken at baseline (before diet start), 10 weeks after intervention start (Wk11), and 1 year after surgery (sleeve gastrectomy) |
|
| Gastric Bypass group | Procedure | Standard clinical practice with 2-week diet consisting of 750 kcal/day prior to surgery. The pre- and post-surgical diet of this group will be matched with the VLED group in macro- and micronutrient composition. Measurements will be taken at baseline (before diet start), 10 weeks after intervention start (Wk11), and 1 year after surgery (gastric bypass) |
|
| Trondheim |
| Norway |
| 38879520 | Derived | Martins C, Aukan MI, De Luca M. Lower levels of plasma syndecan-4 are associated with loss of body weight and fat-free mass after bariatric surgery. BMC Res Notes. 2024 Jun 15;17(1):164. doi: 10.1186/s13104-024-06822-8. |
| 37182692 | Derived | Martins C, Nymo S, Aukan MI, Roekenes JA, Coutinho SR, Hunter GR, Gower BA. Association between ss-Hydroxybutyrate Plasma Concentrations after Hypocaloric Ketogenic Diets and Changes in Body Composition. J Nutr. 2023 Jul;153(7):1944-1949. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.05.010. Epub 2023 May 12. |
| 36046953 | Derived | Aukan MI, Brandsaeter IO, Skarvold S, Finlayson G, Nymo S, Coutinho S, Martins C. Changes in hedonic hunger and food reward after a similar weight loss induced by a very low-energy diet or bariatric surgery. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2022 Oct;30(10):1963-1972. doi: 10.1002/oby.23535. Epub 2022 Aug 31. |
| 35393266 | Derived | Nymo S, Lundanes J, Aukan M, Sandvik J, Johnsen G, Graeslie H, Larsson I, Martins C. Diet and physical activity are associated with suboptimal weight loss and weight regain 10-15 years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: A cross-sectional study. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2022 Mar-Apr;16(2):163-169. doi: 10.1016/j.orcp.2022.03.006. Epub 2022 Apr 4. |
| D001835 |
| Body Weight |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |