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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Jenny Craig, Inc. | INDUSTRY |
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The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of the satiation measures that influence human eating behavior in regard to intake of large portion sizes at a meal. The investigators hypothesize that satiation measures will influence the magnitude of the portion size effect at a meal. Additionally, other individual characteristics will be examined for their influence on the portion size effect. The portion size effect will be measured by serving a test meal once a week for four weeks in which the portion size of the entree will be varied.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| 100% Portion Size | Experimental | Test meal with portion size 100% of baseline |
|
| 125% Portion Size | Experimental | Test meal with portion size 125% of baseline |
|
| 150% Portion Size | Experimental | Test meal with portion size 150% of baseline |
|
| 175% Portion Size | Experimental | Test meal with portion size 175% of baseline |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100% portion size | Other | Entree portion size 100% of baseline |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in energy intake | Calculated energy intake (kcal) based on weight and energy density of food consumed | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Change in intake by weight | Weights (grams) of all foods consumed | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in bite count | The number of bites of the entree during the meal | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Change in meal duration | Duration of the meal in seconds |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Rating of the size of the entree compared to participants' usual portion | 100-point visual analog scale ranging from a lot smaller to a lot larger | At the start of the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Rating of how filling participants expect this amount of food to be |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Pennsylvania State University | University Park | Pennsylvania | 16802 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005247 | Feeding Behavior |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001522 | Behavior, Animal |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D064787 | Portion Size |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004032 | Diet |
| D009747 | Nutritional Physiological Phenomena |
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
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| 125% portion size |
| Other |
Entree portion size 125% of baseline |
|
| 150% portion size | Other | Entree portion size 150% of baseline |
|
| 175% portion size | Other | Entree portion size 175% of baseline |
|
| Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Change in mean bite rate | Assessed from meal duration (seconds) and number of bites taken | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Change in mean bite size | Assessed from entree intake (grams) and number of bites | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Change in mean eating rate | Assessed from entree intake (grams) and meal duration | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Change in distribution of estimated bite size | Assessed as small or large bites from video observation | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Change in sip count | The number of sips of the water during the meal | Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Change in rating of the pleasantness of the taste of the entree sample | Measured on a 100-mm visual analogue scale ranging from not at all pleasant (0 mm) to extremely pleasant (100 mm). This will be used to calculate Sensory-Specific Satiety | From before the test meal to after the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Change in rating of the pleasantness of the taste of food samples | Measured on a 100-mm visual analogue scale ranging from not at all pleasant (0 mm) to extremely pleasant (100 mm). This will be used to calculate Sensory-Specific Satiety | From before the test meal to after the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Change in rating of prospective consumption of the entree sample | Measured on a 100-mm visual analogue scale ranging from none at all (0 mm) to vary large amount (100 mm) in answer to the question 'How much of the pasta do you want to eat right now?'. This will be used to calculate Sensory-Specific Satiety | From before the test meal to after the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Change in rating of prospective consumption of food samples | Measured on a 100-mm visual analogue scale ranging from none at all (0 mm) to vary large amount (100 mm) how much of the [this food] do you want to eat right now?. This will be used to calculate Sensory-Specific Satiety | From before the test meal to after the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Change in rating of hunger | Measured on a 100-mm visual analogue scale ranging from not at all hungry (0 mm) to extremely hungry (100 mm) | From before the test meal to after the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Change in rating of thirst | Measured on a 100-mm visual analogue scale ranging from not at all thirsty (0 mm) to extremely thirsty (100 mm) | From before the test meal to after the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Change in ratings of prospective consumption | Measured on a 100-mm visual analogue scale ranging from nothing at all (0 mm) to a large amount (100 mm) in answer to the question 'How much food could you eat right now?'. | From before the test meal to after the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Change in ratings of nausea | Measured on a 100-mm visual analogue scale ranging from not at all nauseated (0 mm) to extremely nauseated (100 mm) | From before the test meal to after the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Change in rating of fullness | Measured on a 100-mm visual analogue scale ranging from not at all full (0 mm) to extremely full (100 mm) | From before the test meal to after the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
100-point visual analog scale ranging from not at all filling to extremely filling |
| At the start of the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Rating of pleasantness of taste of entree | 100-point visual analog scale ranging from not pleasant at all to extremely pleasant | At the start of the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Ratings of Meal Termination due to fullness | 100-point visual analog scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree | At the end of the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Ratings of Meal Termination due to eating their usual amount | 100-point visual analog scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree | At the end of the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Ratings of Meal Termination due to eating is no longer a priority | 100-point visual analog scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree | At the end of the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Ratings of Meal Termination due to there being no food left | 100-point visual analog scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree | At the end of the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Ratings of Meal Termination due to self-consciousness about amount consumed | 100-point visual analog scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree | At the end of the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Ratings of Meal Termination due to the food no longer tasting good | 100-point visual analog scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree | At the end of the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Rating of proportion of meal eaten | 100-point visual analog scale ranging from 0% to 100% | At the end of the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Rating of calories consumed at the meal | Open ended question | At the end of the test meal in weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 |