Molecular and Hormonal Responses to Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance

Molecular and Hormonal Responses to Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance

This study determined the effect of 7 days of high-fat overfeeding on whole-body glycaemic control, glucose kinetics, skeletal muscle insulin signalling, and markers of skeletal muscle microvascular function in 15 healthy young individuals.

Fifteen healthy, young individuals underwent metabolic testing before and after 7 days of high-fat overfeeding. We determined whole-body glycaemic control, glucose kinetics, skeletal muscle insulin signalling, and markers of skeletal muscle microvascular function. Stable isotope tracers were used to assess the rate of appearance of glucose from the gut, liver glucose output and whole-body glucose disposal. Insulin signalling was determined by Western blotting of skeletal muscle tissue. Microvascular function was assessed through the use of quantitative immunofluorescence microscopy. These measurements were performed both postabsorptively and following the ingestion of 50 grams of glucose + 15 grams of protein.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Aged between 18 and 40 years
• Physically active
• Non-smoker
• Not taking any medication known to interfere with the study
• No history of cardiovascular disease or diabetes
• Weight stable for the last 6 months

Exclusion Criteria:

• Outside of age range
• Sedentary
• Smoker
• Taking medication known to interfere with the study
• History of cardiovascular disease or diabetes
• Unstable weight within last 6 months