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This double-blind RCT aimed to evaluate the effect of sugar-free snacks on caries risk in 6-9 years-old schoolchildren. Considering a 20% difference among groups, the number of subjects needed per group was set in 87. Two-hundred-seventy-one children at risk for caries measured through Cariogram were selected and randomly assigned to three groups consuming twice a day snacks containing Stevia or Maltitol or sugar for 42 days. Parents filled out a standardized questionnaire regarding personal, medical and oral behavioural information. Bleeding on probing, plaque pH and cariogenic microflora were assessed at baseline (t0), after 21 (t1) and 42 days of snacks' use (t2) and 120 days after the end of use (t3). Cariogram was also repeated at t2.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Stevia snacks | Experimental | Children were instructed to use the snack twice a day, one in the morning and one in the afternoon during lesson breaks. |
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| Maltitol snacks | Active Comparator | Children were instructed to use the snack twice a day, one in the morning and one in the afternoon during lesson breaks. |
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| Sugared snacks | Placebo Comparator | Children were instructed to use the snack twice a day, one in the morning and one in the afternoon during lesson breaks. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| delivery of snacks | Dietary Supplement | Subjects were randomly assigned to three groups (blue, green and yellow), receiving a single type of snack for 42 days. Block randomization ensured similar proportions of participants in each group. All subjects received snack packets (six cookies each) on a weekly basis. Children were instructed to use the snack twice a day, one in the morning and one in the afternoon during lesson breaks. Both participants and investigators were blinded to the treatment assignment. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Caries risk reduction | calculation of the carie risk reduct using a standardised method aka "Cariogram" | 42 days |
| reduction of salivary cariogenic bacteria | reduction of salivary cariogenic bacteria of one level eg from 1000000 to 10000 CFU/ml | 42 days |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| modification of the plaque-pH | reduction of the Area Under the Curve (AUC) at the critical level of pH of 6.2 and 5.7 | 42 days |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pediatric dentistry dept | Sassari | Italy |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003731 | Dental Caries |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D017001 | Tooth Demineralization |
| D014076 | Tooth Diseases |
| D009057 | Stomatognathic Diseases |
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