Performance of 2WIN Photoscreener With Corneal Reflex Compared to School Bus Retinoscopy by AAPOS Guidelines

Refractive and Strabismic Amblyopia Risk Factors Detected by Infrared Photoscreener and School Bus Skiascopy

Pediatric eye patients receive infrared photoscreener screening and skiascopy as a part of routine examination to compare ability to detect amblyopia risk factors.

Patients: Pediatric eye and adult strabismus patients undergoing routine examinations in a private ophthalmology practice.

Interventions: Infrared photoscreener / remote autorefractor such as 2 Winner (2WIN) ("Adaptica" - Padova, Italy) without and with infrared corneal reflex occluder. Child-friendly skiascopy before and after cycloplegic refraction.

Outcome: Amblyopia Risk Factors from comprehensive eye exam including refraction and strabismus.

Risk factors defined by American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS) 2003 and 2013 guidelines.

**Please note that 2 Winner has nothing to do with actual device, but was required by the Clinical Trials Web entry.**

Inclusion Criteria:

• patient undergoing eye examination

Exclusion Criteria:

• none