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| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| REB 17-402 | Other Identifier | Brock University |
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COVID-19
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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Brock University | OTHER |
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This study analyzes whether dairy supplementation positively impacts loading exercise-induced bone cell activity and inflammation in healthy young females.
Introduction: Two million individuals at a cost of around 2.3 billion dollars a year in Canada suffer from osteoporosis. Research that emphasizes the treatment of this disease is important, but so is research that focuses on prevention; reducing bone loss and/or increasing bone mass when young. In addition, inflammation is an issue as it strongly relates to chronic disease. Countermeasures to improve bone health and inflammation, such as nutrition and exercise, should be explored and implemented. The proposed research combines both nutrition and exercise along with the assessment of bone turnover markers and inflammation in healthy young females, and aims to determine whether dairy versus a carbohydrate-based beverage positively impacts acute bone turnover and the inflammatory response following a bout of resistance and plyometric exercise.
Design: Randomized controlled crossover trial.
Participants: 13 healthy university aged females.
Methods: Participants were asked to complete 2 different acute exercise and nutritional supplement trials. Each trial will be assigned in random order. The two trials were: 1) exercise+carbohydrate (CHO), and 2) exercise+milk (Milk). The whole study, per participant, took a maximum of 8-12 weeks to complete as each supplement trial was separated by ~4 weeks. Each treatment is outlined below.
******DUE TO COVID-19, we removed the treatment trial which involved milk+creatine supplementation. Despite randomization, and before the trial was closed, only 11 participants completed this trial********
Anticipated Results: The investigators anticipate that dairy and exercise will have a greater positive impact on acute bone cell activity and inflammation in healthy young females compared to exercise and CHO.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise and Carbohydrate (CHO) | Placebo Comparator | Participants had a fasted, baseline blood sample (10ml) taken upon arrival to the lab. They then completed a supervised resistance and plyometric exercise bout. Immediately following exercise, 50g of carbohydrate (maltodextrin) + water was consumed. Two more blood samples followed the exercise bout at 5 minutes post (10ml) and 1 hour post (10ml). An additional 50g of carbohydrate was consumed with water 1 hour post exercise. Two more fasting blood samples (10ml) were taken 24 and 48 hours later. |
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| Exercise and Milk (Milk) | Experimental | Participants had a fasted, baseline blood sample (10ml) taken upon arrival to the lab. They then completed a supervised resistance and plyometric exercise bout. Immediately following exercise, ~500 ml of skim milk was consumed. Two more blood samples followed the exercise bout at 5 minutes post (10ml) and 1 hour post (10ml). An additional 500 ml of skim milk was consumed 1 hour post exercise. Two more fasting blood samples (10ml) were taken 24 and 48 hours later. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Resistance and Plyometric Exercise | Behavioral | A single resistance and plyometric exercise bout per trial. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Acute Bone Cell Activity | Bone markers (OPG, RANKL, OC) measured in serum/plasma. | Baseline |
| Acute Bone Cell Activity | Bone markers (SOST) measured in serum/plasma. | Baseline |
| Acute Bone Cell Activity | Bone markers (CTX) measured in serum/plasma. | Baseline |
| Acute Bone Cell Activity | Bone markers (OPG, RANKL, OC) measured in serum/plasma. | 5 minutes post exercise |
| Acute Bone Cell Activity | Bone markers (SOST) measured in serum/plasma. | 5 minutes post exercise |
| Acute Bone Cell Activity | Bone markers (CTX) measured in serum/plasma. | 5 minutes post exercise |
| Acute Bone Cell Activity | Bone markers (OPG, RANKL, OC) measured in serum/plasma. | 1 hour post exercise |
| Acute Bone Cell Activity | Bone markers (SOST) measured in serum/plasma. | 1 hour post exercise |
| Acute Bone Cell Activity |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Inflammation | Interleukin 6, Interleukin 10, Interleukin 1B, TNFa measured in serum/plasma. | Baseline |
| Inflammation | Interleukin 6, Interleukin 10, Interleukin 1B, TNFa measured in serum/plasma. |
Inclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Andrea R Josse, PhD | York University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| York University | Toronto | Ontario | M3J 1P3 | Canada |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007249 | Inflammation |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D059385 | Plyometric Exercise |
| D002241 | Carbohydrates |
| D014867 | Water |
| D008892 | Milk |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005081 | Exercise Therapy |
| D012046 | Rehabilitation |
| D000359 | Aftercare |
| D003266 | Continuity of Patient Care |
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Randomized acute Crossover Trial
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Those completing the analyses were masked to the treatments.
| Carbohydrate (Maltodextrin powder mixed with water) | Dietary Supplement | 50 grams immediately after exercise bout. 50 grams 1 hour after exercise bout. |
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| Skim Milk | Dietary Supplement | 500 ml immediately after exercise bout. 500 ml 1 hour after exercise bout. |
|
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Bone markers (CTX) measured in serum/plasma. |
| 1 hour post exercise |
| Acute Bone Cell Activity | Bone markers (OPG, RANKL, OC) measured in serum/plasma. | 24 hours post exercise |
| Acute Bone Cell Activity | Bone markers (SOST) measured in serum/plasma. | 24 hours post exercise |
| Acute Bone Cell Activity | Bone markers (CTX) measured in serum/plasma. | 24 hours post exercise |
| Acute Bone Cell Activity | Bone markers (OPG, RANKL, OC) measured in serum/plasma. | 48 hours post exercise |
| Acute Bone Cell Activity | Bone markers (SOST) measured in serum/plasma. | 48 hours post exercise |
| Acute Bone Cell Activity | Bone markers (CTX) measured in serum/plasma. | 48 hours post exercise |
| 5 minutes post exercise |
| Inflammation | Interleukin 6, Interleukin 10, Interleukin 1B, TNFa measured in serum/plasma. | 1 hour post exercise |
| Inflammation | Interleukin 6, interleukin 10, Interleukin 1B, TNFa measured in serum/plasma. | 24 hour post exercise |
| Inflammation | Interleukin 6, interleukin 10, Interleukin 1B, TNFa measured in serum/plasma. | 48 hour post exercise |
| D005791 |
| Patient Care |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D026741 | Physical Therapy Modalities |
| D064797 | Physical Conditioning, Human |
| D015444 | Exercise |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
| D006878 | Hydroxides |
| D000468 | Alkalies |
| D007287 | Inorganic Chemicals |
| D000838 | Anions |
| D007477 | Ions |
| D004573 | Electrolytes |
| D010087 | Oxides |
| D017601 | Oxygen Compounds |
| D001628 | Beverages |
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
| D003611 | Dairy Products |
| D005502 | Food |
| D019602 | Food and Beverages |