Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the effect of 84 days of daily iron supplementation on iron status, gut microbiome profile, infectious disease frequency, and HIV disease severity in moderately anemic [hemoglobin 9 - <11 g/dL (6-59 mo); hemoglobin 9 - < 11.5 g/dL (5 -12 years)], HIV-infected Ugandan children between the ages of 6 mos and 12 years.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Confirmed diagnosis of HIV (based JCRC clinic records);
2. On Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment (HAART) for ≥ 6 months
3. Age 6 months - 12 years at the time of screening
4. Hemoglobin 9 - <11 g/dL (6-59 mo); hemoglobin 9 - < 11.5 g/dL (5 -12 years)by CBC at time of screening

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Acute illness or current opportunistic infection
2. Temperature >= 38.0°C at the time of screening
3. Known sickle cell disease
4. Acute malnutrition (bilateral pitting edema or extreme wasting)
5. Any chronic illness requiring regular medical attention
6. Residence > 50 km from JCRC hospital
7. Non-English or Luganda speaking
8. Currently taking iron supplements

IPD will be available on request.

IPD used for the current study are available after publication of primary findings on reasonable request. Requests may be subject to review by Joint Clinical Research Centre in Kampala, Uganda to determine if aims and analysis are consistent with participant consent.

Joint Clinical Research Centre review to determine if aims and analysis on consistent with participant consent.