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| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2017-002254-37 | EudraCT Number |
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There are ca 900 new cases of kidney cancer in Finland/year. The curative therapy for kidney cancer is partial or total nephrectomy depending on the localization and the size of tumor. Main of these operations are laparoscopic.
Epidural analgesia is considered as most effective for the treatment of postoperative pain after open nephrectomy, but after laparoscopic operation parenteral and enteral opioids combined with paracetamol (acetaminophen) usually offer adequate postoperative pain relief. However, the need for opioids postoperatively may be high and side effects, such as sedation and nausea, are common. On the other hand epidural analgesia has some contraindications and risks for serious complications. Nevertheless, inadequately treated acute postoperative pain is considered as one of the main risk factors for persistent postoperative pain.
Recently quadratus lumborum block (QLB) has gained popularity in the treatment of postoperative pain after various surgeries in the area from hip to mamilla. It is more beneficial than other peripheral blocks, since it covers also the visceral nerves. A single shot QLB has reported to last up to 48 hours.
Perineural dexamethasone added to local anesthetic has been reported to prolong the duration of analgesia of the perineural nerve block, but it's effect on the duration of QLB is not known.
90 kidney cancer patients with planned laparoscopic nephrectomy aging 18-85 will be recruited based on a power calculation. The primary outcome measure is the postoperative cumulative opioid consumption. Secondary outcomes are acute pain (NRS scale), nausea, vomiting, mobilisation and long term outcomes such as quality of life and persistent pain.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| QLB with dexamethasone | Active Comparator | Single sided US-guided QLB using ropivacaine 3,75 mg/ml 20 ml and dexamethasone 5 mg/ml 0,4 ml |
|
| QLB without dexamethasone | Active Comparator | Single sided US-guided QLB using ropivacaine 3,75 mg/ml 20 ml and isotonic natriumchloride solution (NaCl 0,9%) 0,4 ml |
|
| Placebo | Placebo Comparator | Single sided US-guided QLB using isotonic natriumchloride solution (NaCl 0,9%) 20,4 ml |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dexamethasone sodium phosphate | Drug | Dexamethasone injection |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| opiate consumption | cumulative opiate consumption postoperatively | 24 hours |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| opiate consumption | cumulative opiate consumption postoperatively | 72 hours |
| postoperative nausea | numerical rating scale | 72 hours |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eija Junttila, PhD | Contact | +358331166001 | eija.junttila@pshp.fi | |
| Andrus Korgvee, MD | Contact | +358331169617 | andrus.korgvee@pshp.fi |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Maija Kalliomaki, PhD | Tampere University Hospital, Department of Anesthesia | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tampere University Hospital | Recruiting | Tampere | Finland |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Background | Finnish Cancer Registry. Cancer in Finland 2007-2011. Cancer Society of Finland Publication, Helsinki. | ||
| 25616710 | Background | Ljungberg B, Bensalah K, Canfield S, Dabestani S, Hofmann F, Hora M, Kuczyk MA, Lam T, Marconi L, Merseburger AS, Mulders P, Powles T, Staehler M, Volpe A, Bex A. EAU guidelines on renal cell carcinoma: 2014 update. Eur Urol. 2015 May;67(5):913-24. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2015.01.005. Epub 2015 Jan 21. | |
| 11696714 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010149 | Pain, Postoperative |
| D020250 | Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011183 | Postoperative Complications |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D010146 | Pain |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| C004180 | dexamethasone 21-phosphate |
| D003907 | Dexamethasone |
| D012965 | Sodium Chloride |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011246 | Pregnadienetriols |
| D011245 | Pregnadienes |
| D011278 | Pregnanes |
| D013256 | Steroids |
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Patients are randomized and allocated in blocks of nine to either placebo or QLB with dexamethasone or QLB without dexamethasone group
| Ropivacaine Hydrocloride | Drug | Ropivacaine injection |
|
| Sodium Chloride 9mg/mL | Drug | Sodium Chloride injection |
|
|
| pain score | numerical rating scale | 7 days |
| mobilization | time to standing up and mobilizing after surgery | 72 hours |
| quality of life | SF36 query | 12 months |
| persistent pain | paindetect McGill | 12 months |
| functional query | assessment how pain in operation region limits daily functions | 12 months |
| postoperative vomiting | amount of vomites | 72 hours |
| Background |
| Chan DY, Cadeddu JA, Jarrett TW, Marshall FF, Kavoussi LR. Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy: cancer control for renal cell carcinoma. J Urol. 2001 Dec;166(6):2095-9; discussion 2099-100. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(05)65513-9. |
| 23150820 | Background | Mathuram Thiyagarajan U, Bagul A, Nicholson ML. Pain management in laparoscopic donor nephrectomy: a review. Pain Res Treat. 2012;2012:201852. doi: 10.1155/2012/201852. Epub 2012 Oct 23. |
| 26509324 | Background | Rawal N. Current issues in postoperative pain management. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2016 Mar;33(3):160-71. doi: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000000366. |
| 26735154 | Background | Murouchi T, Iwasaki S, Yamakage M. Quadratus Lumborum Block: Analgesic Effects and Chronological Ropivacaine Concentrations After Laparoscopic Surgery. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2016 Mar-Apr;41(2):146-50. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000349. |
| 27755488 | Background | Blanco R, Ansari T, Riad W, Shetty N. Quadratus Lumborum Block Versus Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Postoperative Pain After Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2016 Nov/Dec;41(6):757-762. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000495. |
| 25642956 | Background | Chakraborty A, Goswami J, Patro V. Ultrasound-guided continuous quadratus lumborum block for postoperative analgesia in a pediatric patient. A A Case Rep. 2015 Feb 1;4(3):34-6. doi: 10.1213/XAA.0000000000000090. |
| 26355598 | Background | Kirksey MA, Haskins SC, Cheng J, Liu SS. Local Anesthetic Peripheral Nerve Block Adjuvants for Prolongation of Analgesia: A Systematic Qualitative Review. PLoS One. 2015 Sep 10;10(9):e0137312. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137312. eCollection 2015. |
| 25774458 | Background | Huynh TM, Marret E, Bonnet F. Combination of dexamethasone and local anaesthetic solution in peripheral nerve blocks: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2015 Nov;32(11):751-8. doi: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000000248. |
| 25123271 | Background | Albrecht E, Kern C, Kirkham KR. A systematic review and meta-analysis of perineural dexamethasone for peripheral nerve blocks. Anaesthesia. 2015 Jan;70(1):71-83. doi: 10.1111/anae.12823. Epub 2014 Aug 14. |
| 16698416 | Background | Kehlet H, Jensen TS, Woolf CJ. Persistent postsurgical pain: risk factors and prevention. Lancet. 2006 May 13;367(9522):1618-25. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68700-X. |
| 26719073 | Background | Gordon DB, de Leon-Casasola OA, Wu CL, Sluka KA, Brennan TJ, Chou R. Research Gaps in Practice Guidelines for Acute Postoperative Pain Management in Adults: Findings From a Review of the Evidence for an American Pain Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Pain. 2016 Feb;17(2):158-66. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2015.10.023. Epub 2015 Dec 21. |
| 26827847 | Background | Chou R, Gordon DB, de Leon-Casasola OA, Rosenberg JM, Bickler S, Brennan T, Carter T, Cassidy CL, Chittenden EH, Degenhardt E, Griffith S, Manworren R, McCarberg B, Montgomery R, Murphy J, Perkal MF, Suresh S, Sluka K, Strassels S, Thirlby R, Viscusi E, Walco GA, Warner L, Weisman SJ, Wu CL. Management of Postoperative Pain: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American Pain Society, the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, and the American Society of Anesthesiologists' Committee on Regional Anesthesia, Executive Committee, and Administrative Council. J Pain. 2016 Feb;17(2):131-57. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2015.12.008. |
| 22323381 | Background | Gustavsson A, Bjorkman J, Ljungcrantz C, Rhodin A, Rivano-Fischer M, Sjolund KF, Mannheimer C. Socio-economic burden of patients with a diagnosis related to chronic pain--register data of 840,000 Swedish patients. Eur J Pain. 2012 Feb;16(2):289-99. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2011.07.006. |
| 26225500 | Background | Blanco R, Ansari T, Girgis E. Quadratus lumborum block for postoperative pain after caesarean section: A randomised controlled trial. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2015 Nov;32(11):812-8. doi: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000000299. |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D009325 | Nausea |
| D012817 | Signs and Symptoms, Digestive |
| D014839 | Vomiting |
| D000072473 |
| Fused-Ring Compounds |
| D011083 | Polycyclic Compounds |
| D013259 | Steroids, Fluorinated |
| D002712 | Chlorides |
| D006851 | Hydrochloric Acid |
| D017606 | Chlorine Compounds |
| D007287 | Inorganic Chemicals |
| D017670 | Sodium Compounds |