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The aim of this study is to compare the effect of different epidural initiation volumes on postoperative pain scores, local anesthetic requirements, and motor block in patients who undergo patient controlled epidural analgesia for postoperative pain after cesarean section.
90 minutes after combined epidural spinal catheter insertion, three different volumes (5 mL, 10 mL, and 20 mL) are administered with a patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) device through the epidural catheter. For each group, 0.625% bupivacain + 2 μg/mL fentanyl, is administered.
The visual analog scale, first analgesic demand time, the number of PCEA requirement per hour, morphine requirement, nausea-vomiting, itching, motor block, hypotension, and total consumed analgesic, and ephedrine amounts of the patients are recorded in the recovery room and at postoperative 2, 4, 6, 12 hours.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group 5 | Active Comparator | 5 mL epidural initiation volume (bupivacaine + fentanyl) |
|
| Group 10 | Active Comparator | 10 mL epidural initiation volume (bupivacaine + fentanyl) |
|
| Group 20 | Active Comparator | 20 mL epidural initiation volume (bupivacaine + fentanyl) |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 mL epidural initiation volume (bupivacaine + fentanyl) | Drug | 5 mL 0.625% bupivacaine + 2 μg/mL fentanyl solution is administered from epidural catheter |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in postoperative pain scores | Visual analog scale | up to 12 hours after cesarean delivery |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| First analgesic demand time | Time to first analgesic requirement (first patient controlled epidural analgesic demand time) | up to 12 hours after cesarean delivery |
| The number of analgesic requirement |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Side effects associated with epidural analgesia | Nausea-vomiting, itching, motor block, hypotension | up to 12 hours after cesarean delivery |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Mahmut Durmus, Prof | Prof Dr | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inonu University Turgut Ozal Medical Center | Malatya | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25425774 | Result | Sng BL, Woo D, Leong WL, Wang H, Assam PN, Sia AT. Comparison of computer-integrated patient-controlled epidural analgesia with no initial basal infusion versus moderate basal infusion for labor and delivery: A randomized controlled trial. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2014 Oct;30(4):496-501. doi: 10.4103/0970-9185.142842. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010149 | Pain, Postoperative |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011183 | Postoperative Complications |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D010146 | Pain |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002045 | Bupivacaine |
| D005283 | Fentanyl |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000813 | Anilides |
| D000577 | Amides |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D000814 | Aniline Compounds |
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| 10 mL epidural initiation volume (bupivacaine + fentanyl) | Drug | 10 mL 0.625% bupivacaine + 2 μg/mL fentanyl solution is administered from epidural catheter |
|
|
| 20 mL epidural initiation volume (bupivacaine + fentanyl) | Drug | 20 mL 0.625% bupivacaine + + 2 μg/mL fentanyl solution is administered from epidural catheter |
|
|
The number of patient controlled epidural analgesic requirement per hour
| up to 12 hours after cesarean delivery |
| Morphine requirement | Intravenous morphine administration | up to 12 hours after cesarean delivery |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D000588 |
| Amines |
| D010880 | Piperidines |
| D006573 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |