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The purpose of the present study was to assess the influence of low vs moderate glycemic index of a 3-week diet on aerobic capacity, endurance performance and body mass and composition in endurance-trained athletes in a randomized, controlled crossover trial.
The effect of glycemic index of pre-exercise meal on endurance capacity and performance has been widely investigated. However, little is known about the adaptations to longer dietary interventions with different glycemic index and their influence on aerobic capacity and body composition in runners. Therefore, the purpose of this study was the assessment of the influence of low GI vs moderate GI of a 3-week diet on aerobic capacity, endurance performance and body mass and composition in endurance-trained athletes in a randomised, controlled crossover trial.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Low Glycemic Index Diet | Experimental | Group consuming low glycemic index diet. Calculated glycemic index of daily diet was lower than 40. Carbohydrate- containing foods included whole rye bread, pumpernickel bread, whole oats, wheat brans, brown rice, buckwheat, vegetables (besides corn, cooked carrots, potatoes and pumpkin) and fruit such as apples, pears, grapefruits, tangerines, prunes, dried apricots and unripe bananas. Interventions: The experimental procedure for each participant included a 3-week low glycemic index diet. Between the 3-week low and moderate glycemic index diets or a moderate and low glycemic index treatment, a 14-day washout period was introduced. |
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| Moderate Glycemic Index Diet | Experimental | Group consuming moderate glycemic index diet. Calculated glycemic index of diet was higher than 60. Carbohydrate- containing foods included wheat bread, wheat rolls, potatoes, instant oats, cornflakes, white rice, millet, boiled carrots and fruit (ripe bananas, grapes, raisins, dates, cranberry, honey and high sugar jams) Interventions: The experimental procedure for each participant included a 3-week moderate glycemic index diet. Between the 3-week low and moderate glycemic index diets or a moderate and low glycemic index treatment, a 14-day washout period was introduced. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Intervention: Low vs. moderate glycemic index | Other |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in aerobic capacity following low glycemic index diet | Baseline and after 3 weeks | |
| Changes in aerobic capacity following moderate glycemic index diet | Baseline and after 3 weeks | |
| Changes in performance in 12-min running test following low glycemic index diet | Baseline and after 3 weeks | |
| Changes in performance in 12-min running test following moderate glycemic index diet | Baseline and after 3 weeks | |
| Changes in fat mass and fat free mass following low glycemic index diet | Fat mass (kg) and fat free mass (kg) analysis | Baseline and after 3 weeks |
| Changes in fat mass and fat free mass following moderate glycemic index diet | Fat mass (kg) and fat free mass (kg) analysis | Baseline and after 3 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Statistical evaluation of the significance of differences between the changes in aerobic capacity indices | 1 year | |
| Statistical evaluation of the significance of differences between the changes in performance in 12-min running test | 1 year |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Jan Jeszka, Professor | Department of Hygiene and Human Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poznan University of Life Sciences, ul.Wojska Polskiego 31 | Poznan | Wielkopolska | 60-624 | Poland |
Shared data will be exclusively related to the level recorded indicators (body composition, aerobic capacity, performance in 12-min running test), without personal data. Depending on the requirements of the journal, the data obtained will be attached to scientific publications, deposited in a public repository or provided by principal investigator when requested.
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| Statistical evaluation of the significance of differences between the changes in fat mass and fat free mass | Fat mass (kg) and fat free mass (kg) | 1 year |