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The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to assess the impact of progressive resistance exercise (PRE) in PD patients with akinesia and rigidity (AR-subtype). The investigators hypothesized the intervention would have a beneficial effect on the study outcomes.
Twenty-eight patients with PD AR-type of both sexes, were recruited for this trial. Each participant were assigned randomly to either intervention (N=13) or control (N=15) group.
The intervention group participated in sixteen PRE training sessions for eight weeks: two sessions per week on non-consecutive days, sixty-seventy min each one. The control group followed their usual weekly physical activity routine.
All patients underwent antrophometrical and neuromuscular function assessment (CoP measurements -primary outcomes- and the Ten-Meters Walk Test -TMWT- -secondary outcomes-). In addition, they were asked to provide ratings for the Spanish validated versions of the the Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (FOG-Q, 6-item version) -secondary outcomes-, the 39-item Parkinson ́s disease Questionnaire (PDQ39) -secondary outcomes- and the MDS-UPDRS -secondary outcomes-. Additionally, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) (Borg >6-20 scale) - secondary outcomes-, were recorded at the end of each PRE training session. Tests were carried out at three times: pre-test (before the training program), post-test (eight weeks after pre-tests, at the end of the training period), and four weeks after the post-test (re-test).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Progressive resistance exercise (PRE) | Experimental | Progressive resistance exercise (PRE) in akinetic-rigid Parkinson's disease patients. Intervention included sixteen PRE training sessions for eight weeks: two sessions per week on non-consecutive days, sixty-seventy min each one. |
|
| Physical Activity | No Intervention | The control group followed its usual weekly physical activity routine |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Progressive resistance exercise | Other | The intervention group participated in sixteen PRE training sessions for eight weeks: two sessions per week on non-consecutive days, sixty-seventy min each one. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Static posturography through the centre of pressures measurements (CoP). | Eight weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Gait. | Eight weeks | |
| Freezing of gait. | Eight weeks | |
| The Movement Disorders Society-Unified Parkinson ́s Disease Rating Scale. (MDS-UPDRS). |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Luis Santos, PhD | University School of Sports Medicine, University of Oviedo, Spain. Performance and Health Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport. Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, University of A Coruna, Spain. | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University School of Sports Medicine, University of Oviedo, Spain. | Oviedo | Principality of Asturias | 33005 | Spain |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 38588457 | Derived | Ernst M, Folkerts AK, Gollan R, Lieker E, Caro-Valenzuela J, Adams A, Cryns N, Monsef I, Dresen A, Roheger M, Eggers C, Skoetz N, Kalbe E. Physical exercise for people with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024 Apr 8;4(4):CD013856. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013856.pub3. | |
| 36602886 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010300 | Parkinson Disease |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020734 | Parkinsonian Disorders |
| D001480 | Basal Ganglia Diseases |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015444 | Exercise |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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| Physical Activity | Other | The control group followed its usual weekly physical activity routine |
|
| Eight weeks |
| The patient- perceived quality of life. | Eight weeks |
| Ernst M, Folkerts AK, Gollan R, Lieker E, Caro-Valenzuela J, Adams A, Cryns N, Monsef I, Dresen A, Roheger M, Eggers C, Skoetz N, Kalbe E. Physical exercise for people with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023 Jan 5;1(1):CD013856. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013856.pub2. |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D009069 | Movement Disorders |
| D000080874 | Synucleinopathies |
| D019636 | Neurodegenerative Diseases |