The objective of the ANESPEDIA study is to describe in a pediatric population (aged from 4 to 8 years old) receiving elective surgery, the impact of general anesthesia on autonomic nervous system and their kinetics of early postoperative course (24 hours).

Some physiological factors such as sport activity or pathological as sepsis, certain chronic diseases or diabetes are known to modulate the overall autonomic activity and the intrinsic capacity of the individual to regulate its sympathovagal balance. These influences can alter the physiological autonomic balance sometimes with positive consequences on the Cardiac frequency-breathing control, blood pressure adjustment depending on the position of the individual, on the status of blood volume, but sometimes deleterious with bad regulation of sinus cardiac activity and respiration rate.

General anesthesia is recognized as one of the factors that can modify more or less sustainable the sympathovagal autonomic balance. While many studies described the effects of anesthesia on the autonomic nervous system, most data are done in adult subjects. For the child who sees intrinsically autonomic physiological changes related to its maturative status, assessment of the impact of anesthesia in the pediatric population in per and postoperative was never realized.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Post-anesthesia Monitoring in pediatric intensive care units or Pediatric Surgery Hospital North of Saint Etienne.
• Compendium of the form signed by the holder of parental authority

Exclusion Criteria:

• Child with pathologies reaching the central nervous system or the brain stem.
• Children with a severe pathology of cardio-respiratory or heart being referred to treatment.
• Children requiring emergency surgery or trauma or septic or inflammatory context

Children from 4 to 8 years enjoying a scheduled surgery without any infection or trauma context and performed under general anesthesia