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| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| PEP-1324 | Other Identifier | PepsiCo |
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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| PepsiCo Global R&D | INDUSTRY |
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The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of changing the amounts of resistant starch, whey protein and sugar on the blood glucose and insulin responses elicited by energy bars. The investigators also compared the glucose and insulin responses to the rates at which the food bars were digested in-vitro (in the test tube). The investigators thought increasing resistant starch and reducing sugar would reduce the glucose and insulin responses, and that adding protein would reduce glucose and increase insulin. The investigators also thought the glucose and insulin responses in people would be related to the rate of digestion of the food bars in-vitro.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control 1 | Active Comparator | 67g of Control energy bar containing 4g protein, 15g fat, 42g carbohydrate, 2g fiber, and 24g sugar. |
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| Control 2 | Active Comparator | 86g of Control energy bar containing 5g protein, 20g fat, 55g carbohydrate, 3g fiber and 30g sugar |
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| 15/0 | Experimental | Experimental bar with 15% added resistant starch and 0% added protein; 66g portion containing 3g protein, 7g fat, 50g carbohydrate, 10g fiber and 16g sugar |
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| 15/0-LS | Experimental | Experimental bar with 15% added resistant starch and 0% added protein with reduced sugar; 84g portion containing 4g protein, 8g fat, 55g carbohydrate, 15g fiber and 15g sugar |
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| 15/5 | Experimental | Experimental bar with 15% added resistant starch and 5% added protein; 75g portion containing 9g protein, 7g fat, 52g carbohydrate, 12g fiber and 17g sugar |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control 1 | Other | 67g of control bar |
| |
| Control 2 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Incremental area under the blood glucose response curve | For 3 hours after consuming each test meal |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Incremental area under the serum insulin response curve | For 3 hours after consuming each test meal | |
| Incremental area under the blood glucose response curve | For 2 hours after consuming each test meal |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Thomas MS Wolever, MD, PhD | Glycemic Index Laboratories, Inc | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glycemic Index Laboratories, Inc. | Toronto | Ontario | M5C 2N8 | Canada |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 27581470 | Derived | Wolever TM, van Klinken BJ, Bordenave N, Kaczmarczyk M, Jenkins AL, Chu Y, Harkness L. Reformulating cereal bars: high resistant starch reduces in vitro digestibility but not in vivo glucose or insulin response; whey protein reduces glucose but disproportionately increases insulin. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016 Oct;104(4):995-1003. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.116.132431. Epub 2016 Aug 31. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003920 | Diabetes Mellitus |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D004700 | Endocrine System Diseases |
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| 10/5 |
| Experimental |
Experimental bar with 10% added resistant starch and 5% added protein; 72g portion containing 10g protein, 8g fat, 49g carbohydrate, 9g fiber and 19g sugar |
|
| 10/10 | Experimental | Experimental bar with 10% added resistant starch and 10% added protein; 80g portion containing 17g protein, 7g fat, 49g carbohydrate, 9g fiber and 18g sugar |
|
| Other |
86g of control bar |
|
| 15/0 | Other | 66g of experimental bar 15/0 |
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| 15/0LS | Other | 84g of experimental bar 15/0LS |
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| 15/5 | Other | 75g of experimental bar 15/5 |
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| 10/5 | Other | 72g of experimental bar 10/5 |
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| 10/10 | Other | 80g of experimental bar 10/10 |
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| Incremental area under the serum insulin response curve | For 2 hours after consuming each test meal |
| Insulin:Glucose area under the curve ratio | Outcome 2 (incremental area under the insulin response curve for 3 hours) divided by Outcome 1 (incremental area under the glucose response curve for 3 hours) | For 3 hours after consuming each test meal |
| Insulin:Glucose area under the curve ratio | Outcome 4 (incremental area under the insulin response curve for 2 hours) divided by Outcome 3 (incremental area under the glucose response curve for 2 hours) | For 2 hours after consuming each test meal |
| Insulinogenic index | I30 divided by G30; where I30 is the serum insulin increment at 30 minutes and G30 is the blood glucose increment at 30 minutes; and where "increment" is defined as the concentration at 30 minutes minus the fasting concentration. | 30 minutes after consuming each test meal |