Changes of the Hemodynamic Profiles on Bio Reactance Technique During TURP in Elderly Patients

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the change of the hemodynamic profiles on bio reactance technique during TURP in elderly patients.

Inclusion Criteria:

1) Twenty (ASA status I ~ III) patients, ages 65 to 80 yr old, who were scheduled for transurethral resection of the prostate under spinal anesthesia

Exclusion Criteria:

1. if there were contraindications for spinal anesthesia including hypersensitivity to any local anaesthetics, bleeding diathesis, infections at the puncture sites, or pre-existing neurological disease.
2. history of coronary artery bypass surgery
3. history of dementia
4. have a difficulty in understanding informed consent or refuse to sign the informed consent
5. patients height under 150 cm