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Purpose: To examine whether nasal breathing influences the perception of sound causing trade between hard and soft consonants in the writing of children in school age and the incidence of trade.
To achieve the above goal explained, it was used:
Methods: The sample was consisted of 200 children, 100 previously diagnosed with oronasal breath (51 females and 49 males) who participated in the study group and 100 nasal breathers (54 females and 46 males) which were the control group. 36 words were dictated as minimal pairs to be written. Then a story was submitted in sequence of six figures from which the subjects produced a text.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mouth Breather | Mouth Breathers Children from 7 to 13 years old | ||
| Nasal Breather | Nasal breathers children from 7 to 13 years old |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Comparison between production written and directed free nose breathers and mouth breathing children | up to 8 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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200 children, 100 previously diagnosed with oronasal breath (51 females and 49 males) who participated in the study group and 100 nasal breathers (54 females and 46 males) which were the control group.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Eulalia Sakano, PhD | University of Campinas, Brazil | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Campinas | Campinas | São Paulo | Brazil |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23809686 | Result | Hitos SF, Arakaki R, Sole D, Weckx LL. Oral breathing and speech disorders in children. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2013 Jul-Aug;89(4):361-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2012.12.007. Epub 2013 Jul 1. | |
| 22455522 | Result | Farronato G, Giannini L, Riva R, Galbiati G, Maspero C. Correlations between malocclusions and dyslalias. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2012 Mar;13(1):13-8. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009058 | Mouth Breathing |
| D053120 | Respiratory Aspiration |
| D013060 | Speech |
| D007802 | Language |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012120 | Respiration Disorders |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D012818 | Signs and Symptoms, Respiratory |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
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| 19282036 | Result | Souki BQ, Pimenta GB, Souki MQ, Franco LP, Becker HM, Pinto JA. Prevalence of malocclusion among mouth breathing children: do expectations meet reality? Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2009 May;73(5):767-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2009.02.006. Epub 2009 Mar 12. |
| 17119766 | Result | Ziliotto KN, dos Santos MF, Monteiro VG, Pradella-Hallinan M, Moreira GA, Pereira LD, Weckx LL, Fujita RR, Pizarro GU. Auditory processing assessment in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2006 May-Jun;72(3):321-7. doi: 10.1016/s1808-8694(15)30963-0. |
| 15249437 | Result | Ersu R, Arman AR, Save D, Karadag B, Karakoc F, Berkem M, Dagli E. Prevalence of snoring and symptoms of sleep-disordered breathing in primary school children in istanbul. Chest. 2004 Jul;126(1):19-24. doi: 10.1378/chest.126.1.19. |
| 17595262 | Result | Lamberg L. Sleep-disordered breathing may spur behavioral, learning problems in children. JAMA. 2007 Jun 27;297(24):2681-3. doi: 10.1001/jama.297.24.2681. No abstract available. |
| 17684651 | Result | Hamasaki Uema SF, Nagata Pignatari SS, Fujita RR, Moreira GA, Pradella-Hallinan M, Weckx L. Assessment of cognitive learning function in children with obstructive sleep breathing disorders. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2007 May-Jun;73(3):315-20. doi: 10.1016/s1808-8694(15)30074-4. |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D014705 | Verbal Behavior |
| D003142 | Communication |
| D001519 | Behavior |