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Chlorogenic acid (CGA) in coffee may lower the postprandial glucose response. CGA is destroyed by dark roasting. In a controlled crossover trial, 11 healthy fasted volunteers consumed 300 mL of either light (LIR) or dark (DAR) roasted coffee, or water, followed 30 min later by a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Plasma glukose and insulin, appetite, and plasma and urine metabolic profiles will be analysed. The primary aim is to investigate whether roasting affects the postprandial glucose area under the curve (AUC).
Epidemiologic evidence suggests that coffee consumption is associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. Coffee contains caffeine and several other components that may modulate glucose regulation. The chlorogenic acids (CGA) in coffee have been indicated as constituents that may help to normalize the acute glucose response after a carbohydrate challenge. The aim of this study was to investigate whether two coffee beverages that differ in CGA content due to different roasting degrees will affect glucose regulation differently.
In a controlled crossover trial, 11 healthy fasted volunteers consumed 300 mL of either light roasted (LIR) or dark roasted (DAR) coffee, or water, followed 30 min later by a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Blood samples were drawn at baseline, 30, 60 and 120 min. Differences in glucose and insulin responses and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) were analyzed. The CGA and caffeine contents in the coffees were analyzed using UPLC-MS/MS.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sequence A | Experimental | The meal study was performed with dark roast coffee (DAR), light roast coffe (LIR), or water (CTR) in a random sequence. Sequance A was DAR-LIR-CTR |
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| Sequence B | Experimental | The meal study was performed with dark roast coffee (DAR), light roast coffe (LIR), or water (CTR) in a random sequence. Sequance B was DAR-CTR-LIR |
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| Sequance C | Experimental | The meal study was performed with dark roast coffee (DAR), light roast coffe (LIR), or water (CTR) in a random sequence. Sequance C was LIR-DAR-CTR |
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| Sequence D | Experimental | The meal study was performed with dark roast coffee (DAR), light roast coffe (LIR), or water (CTR) in a random sequence. Sequance D was LIR-CTR-DAR |
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| Sequence E | Experimental | The meal study was performed with dark roast coffee (DAR), light roast coffe (LIR), or water (CTR) in a random sequence. Sequance E was CTR-DAR-LIR |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DAR | Other | Volunteers ingested 300 mL of coffee with a dark roast containing low levels of chlorogenic acids followed 30 min later by by 75g glucose and 300 mL water |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Plasma glucose Area Under the Curve (Glucose AUC) | The area under the plasma glucose concentration curve was calculated from 0-120min after 75g glucose was ingested. | 0-120 min |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Plasma glucose concentrations | changes in the glucose concentration determined by a mixed model analysis and subsequently at each time point with time 0 as a co-variate. | 30, 60 and120 min |
| Serum Insulin Area Under the Curve |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Body mass index (BMI) of 18.0-30.0 kg/m2 and with no known diseases
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Lars O Dragsted, PhD | University of Copenhagen | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen | Frederiksberg | 1958 | Denmark |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007333 | Insulin Resistance |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006946 | Hyperinsulinism |
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003069 | Coffee |
| D005951 | Glucose Tolerance Test |
| D014867 | Water |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D028321 | Plant Preparations |
| D001688 | Biological Products |
| D045424 | Complex Mixtures |
| D001628 | Beverages |
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| Sequence F | Experimental | The meal study was performed with dark roast coffee (DAR), light roast coffe (LIR), or water (CTR) in a random sequence. Sequance F was CTR-LIR-DAR |
|
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| LIR | Other | Volunteers ingested 300 mL of coffee with a light roast containing high levels of chlorogenic acids followed 30 min later by by 75g glucose and 300 mL water |
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| CTR | Other | Volunteers ingested 300 mL of water containing no chlorogenic acids followed 30 min later by by 75g glucose and 300 mL water |
|
|
Area under the curve (AUC) for serum insulin
| 0-120 min |
| Serum insulin concentrations | changes in the insulin concentration determined by a mixed model analysis and subsequently at each time point with time 0 as a co-variate. | 30, 60 and120 min |
| ISI(0-120) | Matsuda's Insulin sensitivity index | 0-120min |
| Metabolic profile in plasma | Metabolic profile of plasma measured in all samples collected before the meal and postprandially from 0-120 min as well as in samples collected up to 24 hrs later. | 0-24 hours |
| Metabolic profile in urine | Metabolic profile of urine samples measured in all samples collected before the meal and postprandially from 0-120 min 120-240min as well as in samples collected up to 24 hrs later. | 0-24 hours |
| D000066888 |
| Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
| D019602 | Food and Beverages |
| D001774 | Blood Chemical Analysis |
| D019963 | Clinical Chemistry Tests |
| D019411 | Clinical Laboratory Techniques |
| D019937 | Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures |
| D003933 | Diagnosis |
| D003940 | Diagnostic Techniques, Endocrine |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
| D006878 | Hydroxides |
| D000468 | Alkalies |
| D007287 | Inorganic Chemicals |
| D000838 | Anions |
| D007477 | Ions |
| D004573 | Electrolytes |
| D010087 | Oxides |
| D017601 | Oxygen Compounds |