Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
As the loss of muscle mass with aging is associated with a dysregulation of muscle protein synthesis (MPS) that is generally characterized by an 'anabolic resistance' to nutrients, the primary outcome of the trial is to investigate the effect of a mixed macronutrient beverage on post-prandial myofibrillar MPS. However, the 'anabolic resistance' of aging may be predominantly influenced by the contractile activity of skeletal muscle; for example, the investigators have demonstrated that 2 weeks of reduced habitual activity (i.e. daily step count) induces anabolic resistance in otherwise healthy older adults. In contrast, resistance exercise is well-known to enhance muscle mass and can increase the sensitivity of skeletal muscle to dietary amino acids. Therefore, all participants will undergo a 2-week reduced step count intervention combined with a unilateral leg resistance exercise protocol to induce an 'unhealthy' or 'anabolically resistant' leg and a relatively 'healthy' or 'anabolically sensitive' leg, respectively; this within subject model will be utilized to investigate the effect of the mixed macronutrient beverage in both relatively 'healthy' and 'unhealthy' older muscle. The investigators will also measure changes in muscle mass, muscle function, and cardiovascular health of both legs before and after the 2-week intervention to determine the effect of reduced activity and the protective effect of minimal, low-intensity exercise on these outcomes.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isolated Whey Protein | Active Comparator | 20 g isolated whey protein + 15 g non-essential amino acids |
|
| Micellar Whey Protein | Experimental | 20 g micellar whey protein + 15 g non-essential amino acids |
|
| Micellar Whey Protein + Citrulline | Experimental | 20 g micellar whey protein + 5 g citrulline |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| step-reduction | Other | reduce daily physical activity to less than 1500 steps per day |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Myofibrillar fractional synthetic rate will be measured using 13C6 ring phenylalanine | analysis | 7 hours |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| body composition (lean body mass, fat mass, leg lean mass, leg fat mass) will be measured using dual energy xray absorptiometry | analysis | 14 days |
| leg muscle strength (leg press and leg extension 1 repetition maximum [1-RM], peak knee extensor torque) will be measured using a dynamometer |
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise Metabolism Research Laboratory, McMaster Univeristy | Hamilton | Ontario | L8S 4K1 | Canada |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23589526 | Background | Breen L, Stokes KA, Churchward-Venne TA, Moore DR, Baker SK, Smith K, Atherton PJ, Phillips SM. Two weeks of reduced activity decreases leg lean mass and induces "anabolic resistance" of myofibrillar protein synthesis in healthy elderly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Jun;98(6):2604-12. doi: 10.1210/jc.2013-1502. Epub 2013 Apr 15. | |
| 21289204 |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| step-reduction plus resistance exercise | Other | reduce physical activity to less than 1500 steps per day with thrice weekly low-load, high effort resistance exercise |
|
analysis |
| 14 days |
| vascular function (femoral blood flow, femoral artery diameter, leg pulse) will be measured using doppler ultrasound | analysis | 14 days |
| Burd NA, West DW, Moore DR, Atherton PJ, Staples AW, Prior T, Tang JE, Rennie MJ, Baker SK, Phillips SM. Enhanced amino acid sensitivity of myofibrillar protein synthesis persists for up to 24 h after resistance exercise in young men. J Nutr. 2011 Apr 1;141(4):568-73. doi: 10.3945/jn.110.135038. Epub 2011 Feb 2. |