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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Technical University of Munich | OTHER |
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We investigate the impact of taste receptors (sweet, bitter and umami) on human metabolism. There ist growing evidence, that components of the taste signalling system, including the taste receptor proteins , have important functions in the regulation of metabolic parameters in non-gustatory tissues.
We apply different sweet, bitter and umami taste compounds in a single dose in the human intervention. We use substances as for instance glucose, sucrose,saccharin and lactisol in the sweet part, and substances from cabbage, beer or red endive in the bitter part. For umami we take glutamate.
Blood samples are collected at baseline and 6 times thereafter up to 3hours, to analyse the incretins GLP-1(glucagon-like peptide 1) and GIP(gastrointestinal polypeptide) and other peptide hormones as insulin and PYY(peptide tyrosin trosin) in human beings.
Gastrointestinal mucosa is taken by gastroscopy from the lower duodenum from study subjects for analysis for the presence or absence of functional taste receptors in gastrointestinal tissues.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| sweet -block | Experimental | application of different sugars, artificial sweeteners and sweet-taste antagonists in a single dose in 300 ml tap water every week up to 7 times and collection of blood samples over 3 hours |
|
| bitter block | Experimental | application of purified bitter tasting ingredients of vegetables and hop in 300 ml tap water , collection of blood samples for 3h (-15,0,15,30,60,120,180 min) |
|
| umami-block | Experimental | application of glutamate and glutamate +IMP same procedure as above |
|
| gastroscopy | Other | gastroscopy with and without oral intervention with artificial sweetener saccharin to take tissue samples from the upper bowel for the investigation of taste receptor cells in the upper bowel in human beings |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sweet block | Dietary Supplement | oral application of the above mentioned substances in 300 ml tap water in 5 min. , collection of blood at 0,15,30, 60 ,120,180 minutes for measurement of incretins GIP(gastrointestinal polypeptide) and GLP-1 (glucagon like peptide 1), Protein hormones PYY(Peptide YY),CCK (cholecystokinin), Leptin and Insulin |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Area under the curve (AUC): changes of expression levels of the sweet , bitter und umami taste receptors in humans in the upper bowel and responses of incretins to receptor agonists and antagonists | measurement of incretins (GIP, GLP-1) and peptide hormones in human plasma after consumption of different sugars , sweeteners , bitter tasting ingredients of vegetables und umami. Measurement of expression levels in human intestinal mucosa before and after receptor stimulation | three years |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| changes in the signalling cascade of the sweet receptor SGLT1 (sodium tranporter 1), changes of receptor expression | oral application of sweet tasting substances and antagonists, endoscopic collection of tissue samples, determination of molecular resonses by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry | 3 years |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in the Area under the Curve (AUC) for PYY in different bitter tasting substances | oral application of sinigrin, lactucopicrin and other extracts of vegetables and umami, getting insight into the different bitter receptors | 3 years |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Andreas FH Peiffer, Prof | German Institute of Human Nutrition | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Department of Clinical Nutrition | Bergholz-Rehbrücke | Brandenburg | D-14558 | Germany |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 36857956 | Derived | Zhang J, Schafer SM, Kabisch S, Csanalosi M, Schuppelius B, Kemper M, Markova M, Meyer NMT, Pivovarova-Ramich O, Keyhani-Nejad F, Rohn S, Pfeiffer AFH. Implication of sugar, protein and incretins in excessive glucagon secretion in type 2 diabetes after mixed meals. Clin Nutr. 2023 Apr;42(4):467-476. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.02.011. Epub 2023 Feb 21. | |
| 26721819 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000073893 | Sugars |
| D013395 | Sucrose |
| D005947 | Glucose |
| C008189 | isomaltulose |
| D005690 | Galactose |
| D013549 | Sweetening Agents |
| D012439 | Saccharin |
| C010330 | sinigrin |
| C001458 | intybin |
| C025226 | oxytocin, 1-alpha-mercaptoacetic acid-iso-Asn(5)- |
| D005773 | Gastroscopy |
| D051269 | Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1 |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002241 | Carbohydrates |
| D004187 | Disaccharides |
| D009844 | Oligosaccharides |
| D011134 | Polysaccharides |
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|
|
| bitter block | Dietary Supplement | oral application of the above mentioned substances in 300 ml tap water, collection of blood samples at -15,0,15,30,60,120,180 min for Insulin, GIP,GLP-1, PYY and glucose |
|
|
| umami-block | Dietary Supplement | oral application of umami substances as glutamate with and without IMP, collection of blood samples as above |
|
|
| gastroscopy | Other | gastroscopy with and without oral application of saccharin, tissue samples from th upper duodenum by endoscopy for the detection of taste receptor cells in the upper bowel |
|
|
| Keyhani-Nejad F, Kemper M, Schueler R, Pivovarova O, Rudovich N, Pfeiffer AF. Effects of Palatinose and Sucrose Intake on Glucose Metabolism and Incretin Secretion in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2016 Mar;39(3):e38-9. doi: 10.2337/dc15-1891. Epub 2015 Dec 30. No abstract available. |
| D006601 |
| Hexoses |
| D009005 | Monosaccharides |
| D005421 | Flavoring Agents |
| D005503 | Food Additives |
| D000074385 | Food Ingredients |
| D020313 | Specialty Uses of Chemicals |
| D020164 | Chemical Actions and Uses |
| D005502 | Food |
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
| D019602 | Food and Beverages |
| D013844 | Thiazoles |
| D013457 | Sulfur Compounds |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D052160 | Benzothiazoles |
| D001393 | Azoles |
| D006573 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
| D006574 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring |
| D000072471 | Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring |
| D016099 | Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal |
| D016145 | Endoscopy, Digestive System |
| D003938 | Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive System |
| D019937 | Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures |
| D003933 | Diagnosis |
| D004724 | Endoscopy |
| D003949 | Diagnostic Techniques, Surgical |
| D013505 | Digestive System Surgical Procedures |
| D013514 | Surgical Procedures, Operative |
| D019060 | Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures |
| D051247 | Sodium-Glucose Transport Proteins |
| D027981 | Symporters |
| D016623 | Ion Pumps |
| D026901 | Membrane Transport Proteins |
| D002352 | Carrier Proteins |
| D011506 | Proteins |
| D000602 | Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins |
| D009004 | Monosaccharide Transport Proteins |
| D000070590 | Solute Carrier Proteins |
| D008565 | Membrane Proteins |