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When people are tested on a previously learned material, they will later remember it better even when compared to a condition where they can re-study it. This phenomenon is called retrieval practice and is supported by an extensive research literature mostly carried out in normal students. This paradigm begins to be used in cognitive remediation programs in patients suffering from memory difficulties.
The objective of this study is to investigate whether retrieval practice is spared in patients with schizophrenia.
If effective, this method could be used in cognitive remediation programs.
Since episodic memory difficulties are supposed to be secondary to deficits in the initiation/elaboration of efficient encoding and retrieval strategies our hypothesis is that retrieval practice is spared in schizophrenia.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patients with schizophrenia | Experimental |
| |
| Healthy subjects | Active Comparator |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Retrieval practice effect using descriptive stories and free-call tests without feedback | Behavioral | In the first phase (encoding), people study 2 short prose passages covering general scientific topics. In the second phase (initial test), they recall one text or restudy the other one. In the third phase (final test) which takes place 2 days later, they recall both texts. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Number of items properly recalled | - The aim is to investigate the retrieval practice effect using descriptive stories and free-recall tests without feedback in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. In the first phase (encoding), people study 2 short prose passages covering general scientific topics. In the second phase (initial test), they recall one text ("test" condition) or restudy the other one ("re-study" condition). In the third phase (final test) which takes place 2 days later, they recall both texts. - We will compare in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls final performance recall (number of items properly recalled) for information studied and recalled ("test" condition) to those for information studied and then re-studied ("re-study" condition). | Final test : 2 days after the first experimental session |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Difference between final performance recall and memory span score | In each group (patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls) : Difference between the final performance recall (see primary outcome measure) in "test" condition and "re-study" condition AND memory span score. | Final test : 2 days after the first experimental session |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Specific inclusion criteria (for patients) :
Exclusion Criteria:
Specific exclusion criteria (for healthy subjects) :
- Diagnostic of schizophrenia of a relative up to the third degree
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Service de psychiatrie - Hôpital Civil - CHRU Strasbourg | Strasbourg | 67091 Cedex | France |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012559 | Schizophrenia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019967 | Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
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