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Photoaging is caused by the superposition of chronic ultraviolet (UV)-induced damage on the intrinsic aging process, and accounts for the majority of age-associated changes in skin appearance. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) likely contribute to this process. Strategies utilizing endogenous skin antioxidants as well as plant-derived or synthetic compounds have been examined.
Cocoa beans fresh from the tree are exceptionally rich in polyphenols, such as flavanol, and have a higher antioxidant capacity. The present study is designed to investigate the effects of long-term intake of a product rich in cocoa flavanols on facial wrinkles, hydration, elasticity and photosensitivity.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cocoa flavanol beverage | Active Comparator | flavanol 320mg/day |
|
| Placebo beverage | Placebo Comparator | no flavanol |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cocoa flavanol beverage | Dietary Supplement |
|
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline in skin wrinkles at week 24 | Facial wrinkles in the crow's feet area measured as R1-3 | baseline, week 24 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline in skin elasticity at week 24 | Facial elasticity measured as R2, R5, R7 | baseline, week 24 |
| Change from baseline in minimal erythema dose at week 24 | baseline, week 24 |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Jin Ho Chung, MD, PhD | Seoul National University Hospital | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seoul National University Hospital | Seoul | 110744 | South Korea |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 19735513 | Background | Williams S, Tamburic S, Lally C. Eating chocolate can significantly protect the skin from UV light. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2009 Sep;8(3):169-73. doi: 10.1111/j.1473-2165.2009.00448.x. | |
| 16702322 | Background | Heinrich U, Neukam K, Tronnier H, Sies H, Stahl W. Long-term ingestion of high flavanol cocoa provides photoprotection against UV-induced erythema and improves skin condition in women. J Nutr. 2006 Jun;136(6):1565-9. doi: 10.1093/jn/136.6.1565. |
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| Placebo beverage |
| Dietary Supplement |
|
| Change from baseline in skin hydration at week 12 | Skin hydration measured by Corneometer | baseline, week 12 |
| Change from baseline in skin color at week 12 | Skin color measured as erythema index and melanin index | baseline, week 12 |
| 26581682 | Derived | Yoon HS, Kim JR, Park GY, Kim JE, Lee DH, Lee KW, Chung JH. Cocoa Flavanol Supplementation Influences Skin Conditions of Photo-Aged Women: A 24-Week Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial. J Nutr. 2016 Jan;146(1):46-50. doi: 10.3945/jn.115.217711. Epub 2015 Nov 18. |