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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Monash University | OTHER |
| Portuguese Research Council | UNKNOWN |
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Obesity has become a global epidemic with huge public health implications. Although clinical significant weight loss (WL) can be achieved by a combination of diet and behavioral modification, strong metabolic adaptations, with increased appetite and suppressed energy expenditure, are activated, which compromise WL maintenance and increase the risk of relapse. The aim of this project is to investigate the potential role of WL rate in modulating such responses. More specifically, the investigators want to determine if a similar WL achieved rapidly vs slowly induce the same compensatory responses to weight reduction. A secondary aim is to assess if speed of weight loss can influence motivation. A large battery of assessments will be performed before and after weight reduction including body composition, resting metabolic rate, substrate oxidation, exercise efficiency, fasting and postprandial release of several appetite-regulating hormones, subjective feelings of hunger and fullness and motivation. This project can bring large practical benefits concerning the design of weight loss programs to minimize weight relapse.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rapid weight loss group | Experimental | The rapid weight loss group will follow a commercial very-low calorie diet (VLCD) during 4 weeks. The participants allocated to this group will follow a 550 (women) - 660 (men) kcal/day diet. The VLCD products provide 110kcal/pack and include a variety of milkshakes, smoothies and soups. In addition to VLCD products, calorie-free drinks and some low-starch vegetables (maximum 2 cups/day) will be allowed. Drinking at least 2.5 liters of non-caloric liquids will be recommended. |
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| Slow weight loss group | Experimental | The slow weight loss group will be prescribed an individualized low calorie diet (LCD) (1200-1500kcal/day), during 8 weeks, using meal replacements (such as smoothies, soups and cereal bars) and conventional foods. The macronutrient composition will be matched with that of the VLCD. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Very-low calorie diet (VLCD) | Behavioral |
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| Low calorie diet (LCD) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Appetite related hormones | Appetite-related hormones (active ghrelin, PYY, GLP-1, CCK) will be measured in fasting and every 30 minutes up to 2,5 hours | Before the start of the study and again at week 2 and 4 (VLCD group) and 4 and 8 (LCD group). And also, on week 12 (for both groups). |
| Body composition | Body composition measured by air displacement plethysmography | Baseline, 2 and 4 weeks (VLCD group) and 4 and 8 weeks (LCD group) and 12 weeks (both groups) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Resting metabolic rate (RMR) | RMR measured by indirect calorimetry | Baseline, 2 and 4 weeks (VLCD group) and 4 and 8 weeks (LCD group) and 12 weeks (both groups) |
| Exercise efficiency | Exercise efficiency measured by graded exercise on a bike |
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Inclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Bård Kulseng, MD PhD | Norwegian University of Science and Technology | Study Director |
| Catia Martins, PhD | Norwegian University of Science and Technology | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Norwegian University of Science and Technology | Trondheim | Norway |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 28479016 | Result | Coutinho SR, With E, Rehfeld JF, Kulseng B, Truby H, Martins C. The impact of rate of weight loss on body composition and compensatory mechanisms during weight reduction: A randomized control trial. Clin Nutr. 2018 Aug;37(4):1154-1162. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.04.008. Epub 2017 Apr 25. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009765 | Obesity |
| D015431 | Weight Loss |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D050177 | Overweight |
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D031204 | Caloric Restriction |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004035 | Diet Therapy |
| D044623 | Nutrition Therapy |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D002149 | Energy Intake |
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| Behavioral |
|
| Baseline, 2 and 4 weeks (VLCD group) and 4 and 8 weeks (LCD group) and 12 weeks (both groups) |
| D001835 |
| Body Weight |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D001836 | Body Weight Changes |
| D004032 |
| Diet |
| D009747 | Nutritional Physiological Phenomena |
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |