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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Monash University | OTHER |
| Portuguese Research Council | UNKNOWN |
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Obesity has become a global epidemic with huge public health implications. Although clinical significant weight loss can be achieved by a combination of diet and behavioral modification, strong metabolic adaptations, with increased appetite and suppressed energy expenditure, are activated, which compromise weight loss maintenance and increase the risk of relapse. The aim of this project is to compare the effects of intermittent versus continuous energy restriction on the compensatory responses previously described using two low calory diets, with a similar macronutrient distribution. More specifically, this study will analyze, in the short-term, if an intermittent energy restricted diet is associated with less appetite and low reduction in energy expenditure when compared with a continuous energy restricted diet. This project can bring large practical benefits concerning the design of weight loss programs to minimize weight relapse.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intermittent energy restricted diet | Experimental | The intermittent energy restricted group will undergo 3 nonconsecutive days of partial fasting per week. During the 3 days of partial fasting, participants will be asked to consume a very-low calorie diet (VLCD) providing 550kcal/day for women and 650kcal/day for men. The VLCD products provide 110kcal/pack and include a variety of shakes, smoothies and soups. For the feeding days a diet matching energy needs will be prescribed, using meal replacements (such as smoothies, soups and cereal bars) and conventional food. Drinking at least 2.5 liters of non-caloric liquids will be recommended. |
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| Continuous energy restricted diet | Experimental | The continuous energy restricted group will be prescribed a low calorie diet (LCD) with 33% energy restriction, using meal replacements (such as smoothies, soups and cereal bars) and conventional food. The diets' macronutrient composition of the two groups will be matched (50% carbohydrates, 20% protein and 30% fat). |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intermittent energy restricted diet | Behavioral |
| ||
| Continuous energy restricted diet |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Appetite related hormones | Appetite-related hormones (active Ghrelin, PYY, GLP-1, CCK) will be measured in fasting and every 30 minutes up to 2,5 hours. | 12 weeks after the intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Resting metabolic rate (RMR) | RMR measured by indirect calorimetry | 12 weeks after the intervention |
| Exercise efficiency | Exercise efficiency measured by graded exercise on a bike |
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Inclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Bård Kulseng, MD, PhD | Norwegian University of Science and Technology | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Norwegian University of Science and Technology | Trondheim | Norway |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 28446382 | Result | Coutinho SR, Halset EH, Gasbakk S, Rehfeld JF, Kulseng B, Truby H, Martins C. Compensatory mechanisms activated with intermittent energy restriction: A randomized control trial. Clin Nutr. 2018 Jun;37(3):815-823. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.04.002. Epub 2017 Apr 7. | |
| 35772219 | Derived | Castela I, Rodrigues C, Ismael S, Barreiros-Mota I, Morais J, Araujo JR, Marques C, Silvestre MP, Angelo-Dias M, Martins C, Borrego LM, Monteiro R, Coutinho SR, Calhau C, Faria A, Pestana D, Martins C, Teixeira D. Intermittent energy restriction ameliorates adipose tissue-associated inflammation in adults with obesity: A randomised controlled trial. Clin Nutr. 2022 Aug;41(8):1660-1666. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.06.021. Epub 2022 Jun 18. |
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| Behavioral |
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| 12 weeks after the intervention |
| Body composition | RMR measured by indirect calorimetry | 12 weeks after the intervention |
| Body composition | RMR measured by indirect calorimetry | At 6 months from baseline |
| Body composition | RMR measured by indirect calorimetry | At 1 year from baseline |
| 33512717 | Derived | Allaf M, Elghazaly H, Mohamed OG, Fareen MFK, Zaman S, Salmasi AM, Tsilidis K, Dehghan A. Intermittent fasting for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Jan 29;1(1):CD013496. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013496.pub2. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009765 | Obesity |
| D015431 | Weight Loss |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D050177 | Overweight |
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D001835 | Body Weight |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D001836 | Body Weight Changes |
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