The purpose of this study is to identify existing cost knowledge of Emergency Medicine (EM) physicians and patients and investigates its reported impacts on medical compliance. A cross-sectional survey will be administered electronically to Emergency Medicine physicians at the University of Utah Hospital and the Emergency Physician Integrated Care, LLC (EPIC) who staff ten-community hospital Emergency Departments (ED) in order to investigate physician knowledge and attitudes regarding cost and perceived patient compliance. In addition, a cross-sectional survey will be administered to a convenience sample of patients presenting to the University of Utah Emergency Department to obtain information about their cost knowledge and reported compliance. All ED patients will complete a follow-up phone survey to measure compliance with recommendations made during the ED visits. Following administration of the baseline survey physicians will be provided the prices of the test and procedures and will be re-surveyed 30-days later as a post intervention test to measure changes in knowledge and attitudes.

Inclusion Criteria Patient Population:

• 18 years old or older
• Deemed psychologically and medically stable by the ED care provide
• Speak English

Exclusion Criteria Patient Population:

• Prisoner
• Brought to Emergency Department by Emergency Medical Service

Inclusion Criteria Physician Population:

• Employed in target medical practices

Exclusion Criteria Physician Population:

• none

There will be two distinct study populations in this study. The first population will consist of physicians from Emergency Medicine. There are 51 Emergency Medicine physicians at the University of Utah (27 attending, 24 residents); there are 138 board-certified Emergency Medicine physicians in the EPIC group therefore a projected provider cohort of n=90 (about 50% of 189) is anticipated. The only exclusion criterion for physicians is they do not practice in one of the above-mentioned provider groups.

The second population will consist of patients presenting to the University Utah Emergency Department who are determined by the attending physicians to be mentally and physically competent to complete the questionnaire (n=450). Included in this cohort are all English speaking patients who are eighteen years of age and older, who are deemed psychologically and medically stable by the ED care provider, are not prisoners, and were not brought in by EMS.