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The investigators performed this study to investigate pain prevention of preoperative topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) in photorefractive keratectomy(PRK) using time serial pain scoring.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| group KO | Experimental | (ketorolac 0.5% in one eye, ofloxacin 0.3% in the other eye) |
|
| group DO | Active Comparator | (diclofenac 0.1% in one eye, ofloxacin 0.3% in the other eye) |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| topical ketorolac 0.5% (Acular®, Allergan Inc, Irvine, CA) | Drug | On operation day, the patients were randomly assigned to one of the following two groups: group KO,preoperative application of topical ketorolac 0.5% (Acular®, Allergan Inc, Irvine, CA) in one eye and topical ofloxacin 0.3% (Ocuflox®, SamilInc, Seoul, Korea)in the other eye; group DO, topical diclofenac 0.1% (Voltaren®, Novartis, Bern, Switzerland) in one eye and ofloxacin 0.3% in the other eye. Neither the surgeon nor the participants knew which ophthalmic would go to which eye. A randomly assigned ophthalmic was instilled into right eye first three times by 1 minute interval 30 minutes prior to operation and the other ophthalmic was instilled into left eye with the same manner 10 minute later. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pain score using visual analog scale(VAS) of each topical NSAIDs pre-treated eyes. | Through these postoperative pain score which rated time serially, the effect of pre-treated topical NSAIDs(ketorolac and diclofenac) could be investigated on relieving postoperative pain after PRK. | Change the VAS level at 6, 18, 24, 36, 48, 72, and 96 hours after ketorolac in photorefractive keratectomy(PRK) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
4. use of systemic or topical NSAID within 1 month before the surgery 5. history of allergic reaction to aspirin or other NSAIDs 6. glaucoma or ocular hypertension (> 20 mmHg) 7. collagen vascular diseases 8. diabetic retinopathy 9. pregnancy or lactation 10. intraoperative complications.
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Departement of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine | Seoul | Seoul | 120-752 | South Korea |
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|
| topical diclofenac 0.1% (Voltaren®, Novartis, Bern, Switzerland) | Drug | On operation day, the patients were randomly assigned to one of the following two groups: group KO,preoperative application of topical ketorolac 0.5% (Acular®, Allergan Inc, Irvine, CA) in one eye and topical ofloxacin 0.3% (Ocuflox®, SamilInc, Seoul, Korea)in the other eye; group DO, topical diclofenac 0.1% (Voltaren®, Novartis, Bern, Switzerland) in one eye and ofloxacin 0.3% in the other eye. Neither the surgeon nor the participants knew which ophthalmic would go to which eye. A randomly assigned ophthalmic was instilled into right eye first three times by 1 minute interval 30 minutes prior to operation and the other ophthalmic was instilled into left eye with the same manner 10 minute later. |
|
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020910 | Ketorolac |
| D020911 | Ketorolac Tromethamine |
| D004008 | Diclofenac |
| C014635 | lactitol |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007213 | Indomethacin |
| D007211 | Indoles |
| D006574 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring |
| D000072471 | Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
| D010648 | Phenylacetates |
| D000146 | Acids, Carbocyclic |
| D002264 | Carboxylic Acids |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
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