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Urinary biomarkers (u-NKCC2, u-ENaC-gamma and u-AQP2) reflects the activity of the sodium- and water channels in the human kidney.
Changes in the sodium-and water channel activity can be induced by blocking the sodium channels with diuretics in healthy subjects
The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes in urinary biomarkers (u-NKCC2, u-ENaC-gamma and u-AQP2), extra- and intracellular fluid compartments, central bloodpressure and the plasma concentration of Vasoactive hormones in healthy subjects under a) treatment with Amiloride and Thiazide at baseline and b) after and acute infusion with hypertonic saline.
Subjects will be examined on three examination days. Four days prior to the examination days the subjects will consume a standard diet based on amount of sodium and calories and randomized to treatment with either thiazide, amiloride or placebo twice daily for 5 days. On the examination days the subjects receive an infusion with hypertonic saline.
Renal function is measured by renal clearance of 51Cr-EDTA. Urinary biomarkers (u-NKCC2, u-ENaC-gamma and u-AQP2) will be measured to evaluate the activity of water- and sodium channels in the nephron, changes in fluid compartments are measured by body composition monitor. Central blood pressure is measured by sphygmocor.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| thiazide, diuretic | Active Comparator | 1.25 mg thiazide twice daily for 5 days |
|
| amiloride, diuretic | Active Comparator | 5 mg of amiloride twice daily |
|
| calcium | Placebo Comparator | placebo twice daily for 5 days |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| hypertonic saline | Other | hypertonic saline 3.0% 7 ml/kg |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| urinary biomarkers | Urinary excretion of epithelial sodium channels (ENaC), Sodium-potassium-2chloride transporters (NKCC2) and aquaporin2 channels (AQP2) before, during and after fluid infusion | baseline, 0 hours and 1.5 hours after intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| vaso active hormones | plasma concentrations of: renin, Angiotensin II, aldosterone, Vasopressin, ANP and BNP | baseline, 0 hours and 1.5 hours after intervention |
| central blood pressure | measured by applanation-tonometry |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Erling B Pedersen, MD, DMSc | Medical Research, Holstebro | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medical Research | Holstebro | 7500 | Denmark |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007674 | Kidney Diseases |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014570 | Urologic Diseases |
| D052776 | Female Urogenital Diseases |
| D005261 | Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012462 | Saline Solution, Hypertonic |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006982 | Hypertonic Solutions |
| D012996 | Solutions |
| D004364 | Pharmaceutical Preparations |
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| baseline, 0 hours and 1.5 hours after intervention |
| intracellular (ICV)- and extracellular volume (ECV) | change in ICV and EVC from baseline and after intervention measured in liters by body composition monitor (BCM) | baseline, 0 hours and 1.5 hours after intervention |
| D052801 | Male Urogenital Diseases |