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Environmental factors may play a role in the genesis of pulmonary hypertension, especially in endothelial dysfunction. One widespread environmental factor associated with systemic endothelial dysfunction is cigarette smoke. It may well be that cigarette smoking is not only a risk factor for systemic but also for pulmonary vascular diseases and herewith may interact with other risk factors such as a genetic background and associated conditions. The existing studies which deal with this subject are only small single center case control studies providing less data. Therefore a large European multicenter study is necessary.
The investigators hypothesis are:
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| PAH | Patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PH). PH defined as mean pulmonary artery pressure >25mmHg with a pulmonary capillary occlusion pressure ≤ 15mmHg | ||
| CTEPH | Patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. CTEPH defined as mean pulmonary artery pressure >25mmHg with a pulmonary capillary occlusion pressure ≤ 15mmHg. | ||
| Controll group | Data from 16322 (10336 females) participants of the Swiss health survey (SHS) 2007 will serve as control. The SHS was performed in 2007, a representative sample of 30000 Swiss citizens were asked to participate, 66% answered per telephone to detailed health question. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Difference in Prevalence of Smoking history in patients with PAH compared to unaffected general population | Patients will be asked with a specific questionnaire concerning their tobacco smoke exposure and smoking history. Control-group: Data from Swiss health survey (SHS) 2007 (Gesundheitsbefragung Schweiz). | Assessment during outpatient consultation, an expected average of 1 day. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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All patients seen at participating DACH -PH centers who have PH defined as mean pulmonary artery pressure >25mmHg with a pulmonary capillary occlusion pressure ≤15mmHg will be asked to participate upon written informed consent
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Silvia Ulrich, MD | Respiratory Clinic, Departement Heart, Vessel, Thorax, University Hospital Zurich | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University Hospital of Graz | Graz | Austria | ||||
| University Hospital of Innsbruck |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006976 | Hypertension, Pulmonary |
| D000081029 | Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension |
| D012907 | Smoking |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D006973 | Hypertension |
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
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| Innsbruck |
| Austria |
| University Hospital Dresden | Dresden | Germany |
| University of Greifswald | Greifswald | Germany |
| University Hospital of Heidelberg | Heidelberg | Germany |
| University hospital of Homburg | Homburg | Germany |
| University Hospital of Regensburg | Regensburg | Germany |
| University Hospital of Würzburg | Würzburg | Germany |
| University Hospital Zurich | Zurich | 8091 | Switzerland |
| D002318 |
| Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D001519 | Behavior |