Evaluation of the Acute Effect of Water-Pipe Smoking on the Respiratory System

Title: The acute effect of water pipe smoking on exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) pulmonary function tests in healthy volunteers

Objectives: To evaluate the acute effect of one cession of water pipe smoking on airway inflammation as assessed by exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) in healthy volunteers.

Design: Prospective study evaluating these parameters before and after 30 minutes of water pipe smoking . The changes in inflammatory parameters pre and post smoking will be evaluated blindly.

Sample size: 100 participants Participant selection: Adults subjects who regularly smoke water pipe . Intervention: Each subject will undergo evaluation including a respiratory questionnaire , pulmonary function tests , exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and carboxy- hemoglobin levels . All measurements will be evaluated before and after one cession of 30 minutes water pipe smoking

Primary outcome parameter: Change in carboxy- hemoglobin Secondary outcome parameter:Change in peripheral eosinophils count, pulmonary function tests, change in FeNO, and in inflammatory parameters in EBC before and after water pipe smoking

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age > 18 Y.O.
• Have smoked Water-pipe at least once before.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Breast feeding Women.
• S/P Bacterial Or Viral infection, Last 2 weeks
• P.O. Steroids
• Water-pipe smoking, last 24 hours
• Cigarette smoking, last 6 hours
• Intensive exposure to smoke (fire), last 24 hours
• S/P Intensive Care Hospitalization, last 3 months