The stomatognathic system is functionally connected to the overall body system. Occlusal modification using intraoral devices may therefore influence postural alignment and physiological responses during exercise. However, evidence regarding the combined effects of mouthguard use on cervical posture and running performance remains limited. This study evaluates the effects of a thermoformable mouthguard on craniovertebral angle, heart rate, respiratory rate and running performance in non-professional runners.
Inclusion criteria:
Exclusion criteria:
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Recruitment
Allocation and follow-up
Analysis - Participants included in the final analysis (n = 9)
Participants were recruited by convenience sampling among eligible students enrolled in dentistry and physiotherapy programmes at the Universidad Europea de Valencia between October and November 2025. All participants were invited to participate voluntarily and were included only after meeting the eligibility criteria and providing written informed consent.
Valencia, Valencia 46003, Spain
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